5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat)

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	'meta_title' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
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			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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<thead>
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<th>Applications</th>
<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
</tr>
</thead>
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<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
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</table>',
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		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
		'label1' => 'Validation Data',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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		'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
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		'description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).

Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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		'concentration' => '1 &micro;g/&micro;l',
		'reactivity' => 'Human, mouse, other (wide range)',
		'type' => 'Monoclonal',
		'purity' => 'Affinity purified',
		'classification' => 'Classic',
		'application_table' => '<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Applications</th>
<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>',
		'storage_conditions' => '',
		'storage_buffer' => '',
		'precautions' => 'This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.',
		'uniprot_acc' => '',
		'slug' => '',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '',
		'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
		'created' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'select_label' => '59 - 5-hmC monoclonal antibody (rat) (002 - 1 &micro;g/&micro;l - Human, mouse, other (wide range) - Affinity purified - Rat)'
	),
	'Slave' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '3',
			'name' => 'C15220001',
			'product_id' => '2033',
			'modified' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53',
			'created' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53'
		)
	),
	'Group' => array(
		'Group' => array(
			'id' => '3',
			'name' => 'C15220001',
			'product_id' => '2033',
			'modified' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53',
			'created' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53'
		),
		'Master' => array(
			'id' => '2033',
			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15220001',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-050',
			'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-50-ug-32-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-11-19 16:58:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20'
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			'id' => '1885',
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			'name' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><span>The Auro hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA&nbsp;samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span><span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span><span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span><span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</span></p>',
			'label1' => ' Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>5-hmC, 5-mC and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
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			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010034',
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			'sf_code' => 'C02010034-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
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			'slug' => 'auto-hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2021-01-18 10:37:19',
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '1880',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MagMeDIP Kit',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/magmedip-kit-manual-C02010020-21.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center></center><center></center><center></center><center><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/banners/banner-nature-publication-580.png" alt="Click here to read more about MeDIP " caption="false" width="80%" /></a></center></div>
<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns">
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes<br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank">Read the publication</a></h3>
<h3 class="c-article-title u-h1" data-test="article-title" itemprop="name headline" style="text-align: justify;">Preparation of cfMeDIP-seq libraries for methylome profiling of plasma cell-free DNA<br /><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-019-0202-2" target="_blank" title="cfMeDIP-seq Nature Method">Read the method</a></h3>
</div>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center>
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<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns"><br />
<p>Perform <strong>MeDIP</strong> (<strong>Me</strong>thylated <strong>D</strong>NA <strong>I</strong>mmuno<strong>p</strong>recipitation) followed by qPCR or NGS to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using a highly sensitive 5-methylcytosine antibody. Our MagMeDIP kit contains high quality reagents to get the highest enrichment of methylated DNA with an optimized user-friendly protocol.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3><span>Features</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Starting DNA amount: <strong>10 ng &ndash; 1 &micro;g</strong></li>
<li>Content: <strong>all reagents included</strong> for DNA extraction, immunoprecipitation (including the 5-mC antibody, spike-in controls and their corresponding qPCR primer pairs) as well as DNA isolation after IP.</li>
<li>Application: <strong>qPCR</strong> and <strong>NGS</strong></li>
<li>Robust method, <strong>superior enrichment</strong>, and easy-to-use protocol</li>
<li><strong>High reproducibility</strong> between replicates and repetitive experiments</li>
<li>Compatible with <strong>all species&nbsp;</strong></li>
</ul>',
			'label1' => 'MagMeDIP workflow',
			'info1' => '<p>DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).</p>
<h3><span>How it works</span></h3>
<p>In brief, after the cell collection and lysis, the genomic DNA is extracted, sheared, and then denatured. In the next step the antibody directed against 5 methylcytosine and antibody binding beads are used for immunoselection and immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA fragments. Then, the IP&rsquo;d methylated DNA is isolated and can be used for any subsequent analysis as qPCR, amplification, hybridization on microarrays or next generation sequencing.</p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MagMeDIP-workflow.png" width="70%" alt="5-methylcytosine" caption="false" /></center>
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			'label2' => 'MeDIP-qPCR',
			'info2' => '<p>The kit MagMeDIP contains all reagents necessary for a complete MeDIP-qPCR workflow. Two MagMeDIP protocols have been validated: for manual processing as well as for automated processing, using the Diagenode&rsquo;s IP-Star Compact Automated System (please refer to the kit manual).</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Complete kit</strong> including DNA extraction module, IP antibody and reagents, DNA isolation buffer</li>
<li><strong>Quality control of the IP:</strong> due to methylated and unmethylated DNA spike-in controls and their associated qPCR primers</li>
<li><strong>Easy to use</strong> with user-friendly magnetic beads and rack</li>
<li><strong>Highly validated protocol</strong></li>
<li>Automated protocol supplied</li>
</ul>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/fig1-magmedipkit.png" width="85%" alt="Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation" caption="false" /></center>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><em><strong>Figure 1.</strong> Immunoprecipitation results obtained with Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit</em></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;">MeDIP assays were performed manually using 1 &micro;g or 50 ng gDNA from blood cells with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode). The IP was performed with the Methylated and Unmethylated spike-in controls included in the kit, together with the human DNA samples. The DNA was isolated/purified using DIB. Afterwards, qPCR was performed using the primer pairs included in this kit.</p>
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			'label3' => 'MeDIP-seq',
			'info3' => '<p>For DNA methylation analysis on the whole genome, MagMeDIP kit can be coupled with Next-Generation Sequencing. To perform MeDIP-sequencing we recommend the following strategy:</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Choose a library preparation solution which is compatible with the starting amount of DNA you are planning to use (from 10 ng to 1 &mu;g). It can be a home-made solution or a commercial one.</li>
<li>Choose the indexing system that fits your needs considering the following features:</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Single-indexing, combinatorial dual-indexing or unique dual-indexing</li>
<li>Number of barcodes</li>
<li>Full-length adaptors containing the barcodes or barcoding at the final amplification step</li>
<li>Presence / absence of Unique Molecular Identifiers (for PCR duplicates removal)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<li>Standard library preparation protocols are compatible with double-stranded DNA only, therefore the first steps of the library preparation (end repair, A-tailing, adaptor ligation and clean-up) will have to be performed on sheared DNA, before the IP.</li>
</ul>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong>CAUTION:</strong> As the immunoprecipitation step occurs at the middle of the library preparation workflow, single-tube solutions for library preparation are usually not compatible with MeDIP-sequencing.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For DNA isolation after the IP, we recommend using the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/ipure-kit-v2-x24" title="IPure kit v2">IPure kit v2</a> (available separately, Cat. No. C03010014) instead of DNA isolation Buffer.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Perform library amplification after the DNA isolation following the standard protocol of the chosen library preparation solution.</li>
</ul>
<h3><span>MeDIP-seq workflow</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MeDIP-seq-workflow.png" width="110%" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit x10 workflow" caption="false" /></center>
<h3><span>Example of results</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-specificity.png" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit Result" caption="false" width="951" height="488" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 1. qPCR analysis of external spike-in DNA controls (methylated and unmethylated) after IP.</strong> Samples were prepared using 1&mu;g &ndash; 100ng -10ng sheared human gDNA with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-saturation-analysis.png" alt=" MagMeDIP kit " caption="false" width="951" height="461" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 2. Saturation analysis.</strong> Clean reads were aligned to the human genome (hg19) using Burrows-Wheeler aligner (BWA) algorithm after which duplicated and unmapped reads were removed resulting in a mapping efficiency &gt;98% for all samples. Quality and validity check of the mapped MeDIP-seq data was performed using MEDIPS R package. Saturation plots show that all sets of reads have sufficient complexity and depth to saturate the coverage profile of the reference genome and that this is reproducible between replicates and repetitive experiments (data shown for 50 ng gDNA input: left panel = replicate a, right panel = replicate b).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-libraries-prep.png" alt="MagMeDIP x10 " caption="false" width="951" height="708" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 3. Sequencing profiles of MeDIP-seq libraries prepared from different starting amounts of sheared gDNA on the positive and negative methylated control regions.</strong> MeDIP-seq libraries were prepared from decreasing starting amounts of gDNA (1 &mu;g (green), 50 ng (red), and 10ng (blue)) originating from human blood with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode). IP and corresponding INPUT samples were sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq SP with 2x50 PE reads. The reads were mapped to the human genome (hg19) with bwa and the alignments were loaded into IGV (the tracks use an identical scale). The top IGV figure shows the TSH2B (also known as H2BC1) gene (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The TSH2B gene is coding for a histone variant that does not occur in blood cells, and it is known to be silenced by methylation. Accordingly, we see a high coverage in the vicinity of this gene. The bottom IGV figure shows the GADPH locus (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The GADPH gene is a highly active transcription region and should not be methylated, resulting in no reads accumulation following MeDIP-seq experiment.</p>
<p></p>
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			'format' => '48 rxns (IP)',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010021',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'mc-magme-048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010021-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '745',
			'price_USD' => '750',
			'price_GBP' => '680',
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			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1875',
			'country' => 'ALL',
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			'slug' => 'magmedip-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MagMeDIP Kit for efficient immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Perform Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using highly specific 5-mC antibody. This kit allows the preparation  of cfMeDIP-seq libraries.',
			'modified' => '2023-07-06 14:15:10',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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			'id' => '1887',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MethylCap kit',
			'description' => '<p>The MethylCap kit allows to specifically capture DNA fragments containing methylated CpGs. The assay is based on the affinity purification of methylated DNA using methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) of human MeCP2 protein. The procedure has been adapted to both manual process or <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/sx-8g-ip-star-compact-automated-system-1-unit">IP-Star&reg; Compact Automated System</a>. Libraries of captured methylated DNA can be prepared for next-generation sequencing (NGS) by combining MBD technology with the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/microplex-lib-prep-kit-v3-48-rxns">MicroPlex Library Preparation Kit v3</a>.</p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Fast &amp; sensitive capture</strong> of methylated DNA</li>
<li><strong>High capture efficiency</strong></li>
<li><strong>Differential fractionation</strong> of methylated DNA by CpG density (3 eluted fractions)</li>
<li><strong>On-day protocol</strong></li>
<li><strong>NGS compatibility</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>MBD-seq allows for detection of genomic regions with different CpG density</h3>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/mbd_results1.png" alt="MBD-sequencing results have been validated by bisulfite sequencing" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong><strong>F</strong><strong>igure 1.</strong> Using the MBD approach, two methylated regions were detected in different elution fractions according to their methylated CpG density (A). Low, Medium and High refer to the sequenced DNA from different elution fractions with increasing salt concentration. Methylated patterns of these two different methylated regions were validated by bisulfite conversion assay (B).</p>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '48 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02020010',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-100-0048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02020010-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '740',
			'price_USD' => '695',
			'price_GBP' => '675',
			'price_JPY' => '115920',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1738',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => true,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'methylcap-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'modified' => '2024-11-21 06:38:46',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '1892',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/Premium_Bisulfite_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Make your Bisulfite conversion now in only 60 minutes !</strong></p>
<p>Diagenode's Premium Bisulfite Kit rapidly converts DNA through bisulfite treatment. Our conversion reagent is added directly to DNA, requires no intermediate steps, and results in high yields of DNA ready for downstream analysis methods including PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing.</p>',
			'label1' => '',
			'info1' => '',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02030030',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C02030030-',
			'type' => 'REF',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '255',
			'price_USD' => '240',
			'price_GBP' => '230',
			'price_JPY' => '39945',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '600',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'premium-bisulfite-kit-50-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:13:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '1882',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/hMeDIP_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p><span>The hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA<span><span>&nbsp;</span>samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span></span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA<span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</p>
<p><em>Looking for hMeDIP-seq protocol? <a href="https://go.diagenode.com/l/928883/2022-01-07/2m1ht" target="_blank" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></em></p>
<p><span></span></p>
<p><span></span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>hmeDNA and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010031',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-110-0016',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010031-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
			'price_GBP' => '580',
			'price_JPY' => '98690',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1725',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:12:48',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '2362',
			'antibody_id' => '428',
			'name' => 'TET2 Antibody',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against <strong>TET2 (tet oncogene family member 2)</strong>, using a recombinant protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig4.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody ChIP Grade" width="284" height="208" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 1. TET2 ChIP results</strong><br /> ChIP was performed with U2OS chromatin extract and 5 &mu;g of either control rabbit IgG or TET2 antibody. The precipitated DNA was detected by PCR with primer set targeting to CCND2. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig1.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunoprecipitates" width="284" height="345" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 2. TET2 IP results</strong> TET2 antibody immunoprecipitates TET2 protein in IP experiments. IP samples: 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of TET2-transfected 293T cells. A. Control with 3 &mu;g of preimmune Rabbit IgG B. Immunoprecipitation of TET2 protein by 3 &mu;g TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) 5 % SDS-PAGE The immunoprecipitated TET2 protein was detected by TET2 antibody diluted 1:3,000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig2.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunofluorescent" width="284" height="112" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 3. TET2 IF results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein in the nucleus by immunofluorescent analysis. Sample: HeLa cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 15 min. Green: TET2 protein stained by TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) diluted 1:500. Blue: Hoechst 33342 staining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig3.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Western Blot" width="150" height="258" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 4. TET2 Western blot results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein by Western blot analysis. A. 30 &mu;g 293T whole cell extract B. 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of human TET2-transfected 293T cells 5 % SDS-PAGE TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) dilution: 1:5000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET2 (UniProt/Swiss-Prot entry Q6N021) is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). 5-hmC has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA and is abundant in Purkinje neurons, granule cells, embryonic stem cells, and brain tissue, especially in areas that are associated with higher cognitive function. Although its precise role has still to be shown, recent studies indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. Mutations in TET2 have been associated with myeloproliferative diseases such as essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 μl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410255-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410255-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '395',
			'price_USD' => '410',
			'price_GBP' => '345',
			'price_JPY' => '61875',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1025',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet2-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET2 Antibody - ChIP Grade (C15410255) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET2 (Tet oncogene family member 2) Polyclonal Antibody validated  in ChIP-qPCR, IP, WB and IF.',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:05:23',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2429',
			'antibody_id' => '429',
			'name' => 'TET3 Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3), using 4 KLH-conjugated synthetic peptides containing sequences from different parts of the protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-ELISA.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="301" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Determination of the antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of Diagenode antibody directed against mouse TET3 (cat. No. C15410311). The plates were coated with the peptides used for immunization of the rabbit. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:20,300.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="167" width="123" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 2. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br />Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:1,000 in TBS-Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB2.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="185" width="142" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 3. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br /> Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:200 in TBS- Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. Lane 2 shows the results after incubation of the antibody with the immunizing peptides. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET3 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O43151) is a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) gene family which play a role in the DNA methylation process. It catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) which is the first step in demethylation of the DNA. TET3 may therefore play an important role in gene activation and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Diseases associated with TET3 include acute myeloid leukemia.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 μg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410311',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410311-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '260',
			'price_USD' => '260',
			'price_GBP' => '245',
			'price_JPY' => '40730',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '650',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet3-polyclonal-antibody-pioneer-50-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET3 Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in WB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. ',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 16:06:44',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '1980',
			'antibody_id' => '630',
			'name' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3',
			'description' => '<p><span>Monoclonal antibody raised in mouse against&nbsp;</span><b>5-mC</b><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(</span><b>5-methylcytosine</b><span>) conjugated to ovalbumine (</span><b>33D3 clone</b><span>).</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-A.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="173" /></p>
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-B.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="184" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. MeDIP-seq with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> Genomic DNA from E14 ES cells was sheared with the Bioruptor&reg; to generate random fragments (size range 300 to 700 bp). One &micro;g of the fragmented DNA was ligated to Illumina adapters and the resulting DNA was used for a standard MeDIP assay, using 2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081). After recovery of the methylated DNA, Illumina sequencing libraries were generated and sequenced on an Illumina Genome Analyzer according to the manufacturer&rsquo;s instructions. Figure 1A and 1B show Genome browser views of CA simple repeat elements with read distributions specific for 5-mC at 2 gene locations (SigleC15 and Mfsd4). Visual inspection of the peak profiles in a genome browser reveals high enrichment of CA simple repeats in affinity-enriched methylated fragments after MeDIP with the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_medip.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP" caption="false" width="355" height="372" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. MeDIP results obtained with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> MeDIP (Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation) was performed on 1 &micro;g fragmented human genomic DNA using 0.2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081) and the MagMeDIP Kit (cat. No. C02010021). The fragmented DNA was spiked with the internal controls present in the kit (methylated DNA (meDNA) as a positive and unmethylated DNA (unDNA) as a negative control) prior to performing the IP. QPCR was performed with optimized primer sets, included in the kit, specific for the methylated and unmethylated DNA controls, and for a known methylated (TSH2B) and unmethylated (GAPDH) genomic region. Figure 2 shows the recovery expressed as a % of input (the relative amount of immunoprecipitated DNA compared to input DNA after qPCR analysis).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_Dotblot.png" alt=" 5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in dot blot" caption="false" width="201" height="196" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081), a Dot blot analysis was performed using the hmC, mC and C controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (cat. No. C02040010). One hundred to 4 ng (equivalent of 5 to 0.2 pmol of C-bases) of the controls were spotted on a membrane. Figure 3 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the methylated control.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_IF1.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody for immunofluorescence" height="121" width="500" caption="false" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Immunofluorescence using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />HeLa cells were stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081) and with DAPI. Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10&rsquo; and blocked with PBS/TX-100 containing 1% BSA. The cells were immunofluorescently labelled with the 5-mC antibody (middle) diluted 1:500 in blocking solution followed by an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to Alexa594. The left panel shows staining of the nuclei with DAPI. A merge of the two stainings is shown on the right.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<!--
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_SPR.png" alt="5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody" surface="" plasmon="" resonance="" caption="false" width="700" height="372" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 5. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />A synthesized biotin-labeled 5-mC conjugate was immobilized on a CM4 BIAcore sensorchip (GE Healthcare, France). Briefly, two flowcells were prepared by sequential injections of EDC/NHS, streptavidin, and ethanolamine. One of these flowcells served as negative control (biotinylated spacer without 5-mC), while biotinylated 5-mC conjugate was injected in the other one, to get an immobilization level of 55 response units (RU). All SPR experiments were performed, using HBS-N buffer (10 mM HEPES,150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), at a flow rate of 5 &micro;l/min. Interaction assays involved injections of 2 different dilutions of the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. C15200081) over the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate and negative control surfaces, followed by a 3 min washing step with HBS-N buffer to allow dissociation of the complexes formed. At the end of each cycle, the streptavidin surface was regenerated by injection of 0.1M citric acid (pH=3).</small></p>
<p><small>The sensorgrams correspond to the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate surface signal subtracted with the negative control. Data from the sensorgrams that reached binding equilibrium were used for Scatchard analysis. The value of the dissociation constant (kd) obtained by global fitting and 1:1 Langmuir model is 65 nM.</small></p>
</div>
</div>-->',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15200081-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-081-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15200081-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '505',
			'price_USD' => '575',
			'price_GBP' => '450',
			'price_JPY' => '79110',
			'price_CNY' => '0',
			'price_AUD' => '1438',
			'country' => 'ALL',
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			'last_datasheet_update' => 'October 27, 2020',
			'slug' => '5-mc-monoclonal-antibody-33d3-premium-100-ug-50-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3 (C15200081) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC),monoclonal antibody,Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation',
			'meta_description' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Monoclonal Antibody, clone 33D3  validated  in MeDIP-seq, MeDIP, DB and IF. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-05-17 10:08:33',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '2280',
			'antibody_id' => '234',
			'name' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<div data-canvas-width="124.25999999999996" style="left: 329.401px; top: 425.793px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);">Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-Carboxylcytosine (5ca-CMP monophosphate) conjugated to BSA.</div>
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Dotblot.jpg" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 1. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), a Dot Blot analysis was performed using synthetic oligonucleotides containing different modified C-bases (indicated in red). 125 and 25 ng of the respective oligo&rsquo;s were bound to a Streptavindin-coated multi-well plate. The antibody was used at a dilution of 1:1,000. The binding of antibody to the DNA was measured by ECL chemiluminescence. Figure 1 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the carboxylated cytosine. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Immunostaining.jpg" alt="Immunofluorescence" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 2. Immunofluorescence assay using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> 293T cells were transfected with either the mouse FLAG-tagged wild-type Tet1 (Tet1 CD) or the catalytically inactive FLAG-tagged C-terminal domain of Tet1 (Tet1 mCD) and stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), diluted 1:500, and with an anti-FLAG antibody, followed by DAPI counterstaining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-chip.jpg" alt="Immunoprecipitation" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 3. Immunoprecipitation using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> Immunoprecipitation was performed with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050) on 2 &mu;g of J1 ES genomic DNA, spiked with 1 pg of a control DNA fragment (approximately 700 bp from the RFP (Ring finger protein) gene) containing different cytosine modifications. The mC and hmC control DNA was generated by PCR with the corresponding nucleotide. The caC control fragment was obtained by in vitro methylation using M.SssI methyltransferase followed by oxidation with purified Tet2. The IP&rsquo;d DNA was subsequently anaysed by qPCR using primers specific for the control DNA fragments and for GAPDH, used as a negative control. Figure 3 shows the enrichment calculated as the ratio of the recovery of the control DNA versus the recovery of the GAPDH negative control. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until recently, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base (also called the Sixth base) is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. This pathway could involve further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group followed by either deformylation or decarboxylation. The carboxyl and formyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) could be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC and 5-hmC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-Carboxycytosine.</p>',
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			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410204-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'pAb-caC-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410204-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
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			'slug' => '5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug',
			'meta_title' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Immunoprecipitation,5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC),polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DB, IF and IP. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-01-17 20:11:37',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '2136',
			'antibody_id' => '440',
			'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
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			'price_EUR' => '380',
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			'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for Dot blotting applications',
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<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
			'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
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			'name' => 'DNA modifications',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">T</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">he pattern of <strong>DNA modifications</strong> is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. Methylation of 5-cytosine (5-mC), one of the best-studied epigenetic marks, is carried out by the <strong>DNA methyltransferases</strong> DNMT3A and B and DNMT1. DNMT3A and DNMT3B are responsible for </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">de novo</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> DNA methylation, whereas DNMT1 maintains existing methylation. 5-mC undergoes active demethylation which is performed by the <strong>Ten-Eleven Translocation</strong> (TET) familly of DNA hydroxylases. The latter consists of 3 members TET1, 2 and 3. All 3 members catalyze the conversion of <strong>5-methylcytosine</strong> (5-mC) into <strong>5-hydroxymethylcytosine</strong> (5-hmC), and further into <strong>5-formylcytosine</strong> (5-fC) and <strong>5-carboxycytosine</strong> (5-caC). 5-fC and 5-caC can be converted to unmodified cytosine by <strong>Thymine DNA Glycosylase</strong> (TDG). It is not yet clear if 5-hmC, 5-fC and 5-caC have specific functions or are simply intermediates in the demethylation of 5-mC.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">DNA methylation is generally considered as a repressive mark and is usually associated with gene silencing. It is essential that the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation is precisely maintained. Dysregulation of DNA methylation may lead to many different human diseases and is often observed in cancer cells.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode offers highly validated antibodies against different proteins involved in DNA modifications as well as against the modified bases allowing the study of all steps and intermediates in the DNA methylation/demethylation pathway:</span></p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/categories/antibodies/dna-methylation.jpg" height="599" width="816" /></p>
<p><strong>Diagenode exclusively sources the original 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody (clone 33D3).</strong></p>
<p>Check out the list below to see all proposed antibodies for DNA modifications.</p>
<p>Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal and Polyclonal antibodies for DNA Methylation. The pattern of DNA modifications is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. ',
			'meta_title' => 'DNA modifications - Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies for DNA Methylation | Diagenode',
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			'name' => 'All antibodies',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Diagenode&rsquo;s antibodies are listed below. Please, use our Quick search field to find the antibody of interest by target name, application, purity.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</span></p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
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			'meta_title' => 'Diagenode's selection of Antibodies is exclusively dedicated for Epigenetic Research | Diagenode',
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			'id' => '368',
			'name' => 'Datasheet 5hmC MAb-633HMC-100',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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			'url' => 'files/products/antibodies/Datasheet_5hmC_MAb-633HMC-100.pdf',
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			'name' => 'Epigenetic Antibodies Brochure',
			'description' => '<p>More than in any other immuoprecipitation assays, quality antibodies are critical tools in many epigenetics experiments. Since 10 years, Diagenode has developed the most stringent quality production available on the market for antibodies exclusively focused on epigenetic uses. All our antibodies have been qualified to work in epigenetic applications.</p>',
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			'type' => 'Brochure',
			'url' => 'files/brochures/Epigenetic_Antibodies_Brochure.pdf',
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			'name' => 'Exclusive Highly Specific Kits Antibodies for DNA HydroxyMethylation Studies',
			'description' => '<p>Cytosine hydroxymethylation was recently discovered as an important epigenetic mechanism. This cytosine base modification results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the TET family of oxygenases. Though the precise role of 5-hmC is the subject of intense research and debate, early studies strongly indicate that it is also involved in gene regulation and in numerous important biological processes including embryonic development, cellular differentiation, stem cell reprogramming and carcinogenesis.</p>
<p>The study of 5-hmC has long been limited due to the lack of high quality, validated tools and technologies that discriminate hydroxymethylation from methylation in regulating gene expression. The use of highly specific antibodies against 5-hmC for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA offers a reliable solution for hydroxymethylation profiling.</p>
<p></p>',
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			'url' => 'files/posters/Exclusive_Highly_Specific_Kits_Antibodies_for_DNA_HydroxyMethylation_Studies_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'exclusive-highly-specific-kits-antibodies-for-dna-hydroxymethylation-studies-poster',
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			'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
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<div class="section">
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<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
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			'name' => 'DNMT1 regulates the timing of DNA methylation by DNMT3 in anenzymatic activity-dependent manner in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Ito Takamasa et al.',
			'description' => '<p>DNA methylation (DNAme; 5-methylcytosine, 5mC) plays an essential role in mammalian development, and the 5mC profile is regulated by a balance of opposing enzymatic activities: DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TETs). In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), de novo DNAme by DNMT3 family enzymes, demethylation by the TET-mediated conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmC), and maintenance of the remaining DNAme by DNMT1 are actively repeated throughout cell cycles, dynamically forming a constant 5mC profile. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism and physiological significance of this active cyclic DNA modification in mouse ESCs remain unclear. Here by visualizing the localization of DNA modifications on metaphase chromosomes and comparing whole-genome methylation profiles before and after the mid-S phase in ESCs lacking Dnmt1 (1KO ESCs), we demonstrated that in 1KO ESCs, DNMT3-mediated remethylation was interrupted during and after DNA replication. This results in a marked asymmetry in the distribution of 5hmC between sister chromatids at mitosis, with one chromatid being almost no 5hmC. When introduced in 1KO ESCs, the catalytically inactive form of DNMT1 (DNMT1CI) induced an increase in DNAme in pericentric heterochromatin and the DNAme-independent repression of IAPEz, a retrotransposon family, in 1KO ESCs. However, DNMT1CI could not restore the ability of DNMT3 to methylate unmodified dsDNA de novo in S phase in 1KO ESCs. Furthermore, during in vitro differentiation into epiblasts, 1KO ESCs expressing DNMT1CI showed an even stronger tendency to differentiate into the primitive endoderm than 1KO ESCs and were readily reprogrammed into the primitive streak via an epiblast-like cell state, reconfirming the importance of DNMT1 enzymatic activity at the onset of epiblast differentiation. These results indicate a novel function of DNMT1, in which DNMT1 actively regulates the timing and genomic targets of de novo methylation by DNMT3 in an enzymatic activity-dependent and independent manner, respectively.</p>',
			'date' => '2022-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'doi' => '10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'modified' => '2022-05-20 09:34:50',
			'created' => '2022-05-19 10:41:50',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '4045',
			'name' => 'Functional role of Tet-mediated RNA hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES
cells and during differentiation.',
			'authors' => 'Lan, Jie and Rajan, Nicholas and Bizet, Martin and Penning, Audrey and
Singh, Nitesh K and Guallar, Diana and Calonne, Emilie and Li Greci, Andrea
and Bonvin, Elise and Deplus, Rachel and Hsu, Phillip J and Nachtergaele,
Sigrid and Ma, Chengjie and Song, ',
			'description' => 'Tet-enzyme-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines in DNA plays a
crucial role in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In RNA also,
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) has recently been evidenced, but its
physiological roles are still largely unknown. Here we show the
contribution and function of this mark in mouse ESCs and differentiating
embryoid bodies. Transcriptome-wide mapping in ESCs reveals hundreds of
messenger RNAs marked by 5hmC at sites characterized by a defined unique
consensus sequence and particular features. During differentiation a large
number of transcripts, including many encoding key pluripotency-related
factors (such as Eed and Jarid2), show decreased cytosine
hydroxymethylation. Using Tet-knockout ESCs, we find Tet enzymes to be
partly responsible for deposition of 5hmC in mRNA. A transcriptome-wide
search further reveals mRNA targets to which Tet1 and Tet2 bind, at sites
showing a topology similar to that of 5hmC sites. Tet-mediated RNA
hydroxymethylation is found to reduce the stability of crucial
pluripotency-promoting transcripts. We propose that RNA cytosine
5-hydroxymethylation by Tets is a mark of transcriptome flexibility,
inextricably linked to the balance between pluripotency and lineage
commitment.',
			'date' => '2020-10-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33009383',
			'doi' => '10.1038/s41467-020-18729-6',
			'modified' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'created' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '3660',
			'name' => 'Global distribution of DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA methylation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.',
			'authors' => 'Wernig-Zorc S, Yadav MP, Kopparapu PK, Bemark M, Kristjansdottir HL, Andersson PO, Kanduri C, Kanduri M',
			'description' => '<p>BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been a good model system to understand the functional role of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in cancer progression. More recently, an oxidized form of 5-mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has gained lot of attention as a regulatory epigenetic modification with prognostic and diagnostic implications for several cancers. However, there is no global study exploring the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels in CLL. Herein, using mass spectrometry and hMeDIP-sequencing, we analysed the dynamics of 5-hmC during B cell maturation and CLL pathogenesis. RESULTS: We show that na&iuml;ve B-cells had higher levels of 5-hmC and 5-mC compared to non-class switched and class-switched memory B-cells. We found a significant decrease in global 5-mC levels in CLL patients (n&thinsp;=&thinsp;15) compared to na&iuml;ve and memory B cells, with no changes detected between the CLL prognostic groups. On the other hand, global 5-hmC levels of CLL patients were similar to memory B cells and reduced compared to na&iuml;ve B cells. Interestingly, 5-hmC levels were increased at regulatory regions such as gene-body, CpG island shores and shelves and 5-hmC distribution over the gene-body positively correlated with degree of transcriptional activity. Importantly, CLL samples showed aberrant 5-hmC and 5-mC pattern over gene-body compared to well-defined patterns in normal B-cells. Integrated analysis of 5-hmC and RNA-sequencing from CLL datasets identified three novel oncogenic drivers that could have potential roles in CLL development and progression. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, our study suggests that the global loss of 5-hmC, accompanied by its significant increase at the gene regulatory regions, constitute a novel hallmark of CLL pathogenesis. Our combined analysis of 5-mC and 5-hmC sequencing provided insights into the potential role of 5-hmC in modulating gene expression changes during CLL pathogenesis.</p>',
			'date' => '2019-01-07',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.gov/30616658',
			'doi' => '10.1186/s13072‑018‑0252‑7',
			'modified' => '2019-07-01 11:46:16',
			'created' => '2019-06-21 14:55:31',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '2992',
			'name' => 'Regulation of the DNA Methylation Landscape in Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming by the miR-29 Family',
			'authors' => 'Hysolli E et al.',
			'description' => 'Reprogramming to pluripotency after overexpression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC is accompanied by global genomic and epigenomic changes. Histone modification and DNA methylation states in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been shown to be highly similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, epigenetic differences still exist between iPSCs and ESCs. In particular, aberrant DNA methylation states found in iPSCs are a major concern when using iPSCs in a clinical setting. Thus, it is critical to find factors that regulate DNA methylation states in reprogramming. Here, we found that the miR-29 family is an important epigenetic regulator during human somatic cell reprogramming. Our global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation analysis shows that DNA demethylation is a major event mediated by miR-29a depletion during early reprogramming, and that iPSCs derived from miR-29a depletion are epigenetically closer to ESCs. Our findings uncover an important miRNA-based approach to generate clinically robust iPSCs.',
			'date' => '2016-07-12',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373925',
			'doi' => '10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.014',
			'modified' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'created' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '2811',
			'name' => 'Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F.',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://pubmed.gov/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'created' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '3750',
			'name' => 'RNA biochemistry. Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine.',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.org/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2019-10-03 12:29:05',
			'created' => '2019-10-02 16:16:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2613',
			'name' => 'CpG signalling, H2A.Z/H3 acetylation and microRNA-mediated deferred self-attenuation orchestrate foetal NOS3 expression.',
			'authors' => 'Postberg J, Kanders M, Forcob S, Willems R, Orth V, Hensel KO, Weil PP, Wirth S, Jenke AC',
			'description' => 'BACKGROUND: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to permanent physiological changes including vascular tone regulation, potentially influencing the risk for adult vascular diseases. We therefore aimed to monitor responsive NOS3 expression in human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) and to study the underlying epigenetic signatures involved in its regulation. RESULTS: NOS3 and STAT3 mRNA levels were elevated in HUAEC of patients who suffered from placental insufficiency. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, H3K9ac and Histone 2A (H2A).Zac at the NOS3 transcription start site directly correlated with NOS3 mRNA levels. Concomitantly, we observed entangled histone acetylation patterns and NOS3 response upon hypoxic conditions in vitro. Knock-down of either NOS3 or STAT3 by RNAi provided evidence for a functional NOS3/STAT3 relationship. Moreover, we recognized massive turnover of Stat3 at a discrete binding site in the NOS3 promoter. Interestingly, induced hyperacetylation resulted in short-termed increase of NOS3 mRNA followed by deferred decrease indicating that NOS3 expression could become self-attenuated by co-expressed intronic 27 nt-ncRNA. Reporter assay results and phylogenetic analyses enabled us to propose a novel model for STAT3-3'-UTR targeting by this 27-nt-ncRNA. CONCLUSIONS: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to adaptive changes of NOS3 expression. Apparently, a rapid NOS3 self-limiting response upon ectopic triggers co-exists with longer termed expression changes in response to placental insufficiency involving differential epigenetic signatures. Their persistence might contribute to impaired vascular endothelial response and consequently increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.',
			'date' => '2015-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25699114',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '2348',
			'name' => 'White matter tract and glial-associated changes in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.',
			'authors' => 'Tsenkina Y, Ruzov A, Gliddon C, Horsburgh K, De Sousa PA',
			'description' => 'White matter abnormalities due to age-related cerebrovascular alterations is a common pathological hallmark associated with functional impairment in the elderly which has been modeled in chronically hypoperfused mice. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are DNA modifications that have been recently linked with age-related neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology. Here we conducted a pilot investigation of whether chronic cerebral hypoperfusion might affect genomic distribution of these modifications and/ or a Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) which catalyses hydroxymethylation in white and grey matter regions of this animal model. Immunohistochemical evaluation of sham and chronically hypoperfused mice a month after surgery revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the proportion of 5hmC positive cells, Iba1 positive inflammatory microglia, and NG2 positive oligodendroglial progenitors in the hypoperfused corpus callosum. In the same white matter tract there was an absence of hypoperfusion-induced alterations in the proportion of 5mC, TET2 positive cells and CC1 positive mature oligodrendrocytes. Correlation analysis across animals within both treatment groups demonstrated a significant association of the elevated 5hmC levels with increases in the proportion of inflammatory microglia only (p=0.01) in the corpus callosum. In vitro studies revealed that 5hmC is lost during oligodendroglial maturation but not microglial activation. Additionally, TET1, TET2, and TET3 protein levels showed dynamic alterations during oligodendroglial development and following oxidative stress in vitro. Our study suggests that 5hmC exhibits white matter tract and cell type specific dynamics following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.',
			'date' => '2014-10-10',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305569',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '994',
			'name' => 'Tet2 Facilitates the Derepression of Myeloid Target Genes during CEBPα-Induced Transdifferentiation of Pre-B Cells.',
			'authors' => 'Kallin EM, Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Christensen J, Cimmino L, Aifantis I, Helin K, Ballestar E, Graf T',
			'description' => 'The methylcytosine hydroxylase Tet2 has been implicated in hematopoietic differentiation and the formation of myeloid malignancies when mutated. An ideal system to study the role of Tet2 in myelopoeisis is CEBPα-induced transdifferentiation of pre-B cells into macrophages. Here we found that CEBPα binds to upstream regions of Tet2 and that the gene becomes activated. Tet2 knockdowns impaired the upregulation of macrophage markers as well as phagocytic capacity, suggesting that the enzyme is required for both early and late stage myeloid differentiation. A slightly weaker effect was seen in primary cells with a Tet2 ablation. Expression arrays of transdifferentiating cells with Tet2 knockdowns permitted the identification of a small subset of myeloid genes whose upregulation was blunted. Activation of these target genes was accompanied by rapid increases of promoter hydroxy-methylation. Our observations indicate that Tet2 helps CEBPα rapidly derepress myeloid genes during the conversion of pre-B cells into macrophages.',
			'date' => '2012-09-12',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981865',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '149',
			'name' => 'Lineage-specific distribution of high levels of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian development.',
			'authors' => 'Ruzov A, Tsenkina Y, Serio A, Dudnakova T, Fletcher J, Bai Y, Chebotareva T, Pells S, Hannoun Z, Sullivan G, Chandran S, Hay DC, Bradley M, Wilmut I, De Sousa P',
			'description' => 'Methylation of cytosine is a DNA modification associated with gene repression. Recently, a novel cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been discovered. Here we examine 5-hmC distribution during mammalian development and in cellular systems, and show that the developmental dynamics of 5-hmC are different from those of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC); in particular 5-hmC is enriched in embryonic contexts compared to adult tissues. A detectable 5-hmC signal appears in pre-implantation development starting at the zygote stage, where the paternal genome is subjected to a genome-wide hydroxylation of 5-mC, which precisely coincides with the loss of the 5-mC signal in the paternal pronucleus. Levels of 5-hmC are high in cells of the inner cell mass in blastocysts, and the modification colocalises with nestin-expressing cell populations in mouse post-implantation embryos. Compared to other adult mammalian organs, 5-hmC is strongly enriched in bone marrow and brain, wherein high 5-hmC content is a feature of both neuronal progenitors and post-mitotic neurons. We show that high levels of 5-hmC are not only present in mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and lost during differentiation, as has been reported previously, but also reappear during the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells; thus 5-hmC enrichment correlates with a pluripotent cell state. Our findings suggest that apart from the cells of neuronal lineages, high levels of genomic 5-hmC are an epigenetic feature of embryonic cell populations and cellular pluri- and multi-lineage potency. To our knowledge, 5-hmC represents the first epigenetic modification of DNA discovered whose enrichment is so cell-type specific.',
			'date' => '2011-09-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747414',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '361',
			'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
			'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
			'date' => '2011-04-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		'id' => '2032',
		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) (sample size)',
		'description' => '<p><span>5-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
		'label1' => 'Validation Data',
		'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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		'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-20',
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		'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)   validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
		'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:06',
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	(int) 1 => array(
		'id' => '2034',
		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
		'label1' => 'Validation Data',
		'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
		'label2' => '',
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		'label3' => '',
		'info3' => '',
		'format' => '100 µg',
		'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
		'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-100',
		'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
		'type' => 'FRE',
		'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
		'price_EUR' => '500',
		'price_USD' => '500',
		'price_GBP' => '450',
		'price_JPY' => '78325',
		'price_CNY' => '',
		'price_AUD' => '1250',
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		'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-100-ug-64-ul',
		'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
		'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:18',
		'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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)
$pro = array(
	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
	'label2' => '',
	'info2' => '',
	'label3' => '',
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	'format' => '100 µg',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
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'
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	'id' => '2136',
	'antibody_id' => '440',
	'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
	'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
	'label2' => 'Target description',
	'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
	'label3' => '',
	'info3' => '',
	'format' => '100 µl',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15310200',
	'old_catalog_number' => '',
	'sf_code' => 'C15310200-D001-001161',
	'type' => 'FRE',
	'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
	'price_EUR' => '380',
	'price_USD' => '380',
	'price_GBP' => '340',
	'price_JPY' => '59525',
	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '950',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'Japan',
	'quote' => false,
	'in_stock' => false,
	'featured' => false,
	'no_promo' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'master' => true,
	'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
	'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
	'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
	'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2023-01-30 14:16:16',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsRelated' => array(
		'id' => '3801',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'related_id' => '2136'
	),
	'Image' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '250',
			'name' => 'product/antibodies/antibody.png',
			'alt' => 'Mouse IgG',
			'modified' => '2020-11-27 07:00:09',
			'created' => '2015-07-17 10:12:18',
			'ProductsImage' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$rrbs_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 1894,
	(int) 1 => (int) 1895
)
$chipseq_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 2683,
	(int) 1 => (int) 1835,
	(int) 2 => (int) 1836,
	(int) 3 => (int) 2684,
	(int) 4 => (int) 1838,
	(int) 5 => (int) 1839,
	(int) 6 => (int) 1856
)
$labelize = object(Closure) {
	
}
$old_catalog_number = ' <span style="color:#CCC">(MAb-633HMC-100)</span>'
$country_code = 'US'
$other_format = array(
	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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	'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
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	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
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<div class="section">
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	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
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	'in_footer' => false,
	'in_menu' => false,
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	'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
	'locale' => 'eng'
)
$description = '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>'
$name = 'ELISA'
$document = array(
	'id' => '11',
	'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
	'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
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	'type' => 'Poster',
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	'name' => '5-hmC antibody rat SDS ES es',
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	'url' => 'files/SDS/5-hmC/SDS-C15220001-5-hydroxymethylcytosine_5-hmC_Antibody_rat_-ES-es-GHS_2_0.pdf',
	'countries' => 'ES',
	'modified' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'created' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
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	'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
	'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
	'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
	'date' => '2011-04-01',
	'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
	'doi' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
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$externalLink = ' <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></a>'
include - APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
ProductsController::slug() - APP/Controller/ProductsController.php, line 1052
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 491
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118

Notice (8): Undefined variable: header [APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755]
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	'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
	'meta_title' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
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			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
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			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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			'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
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			'description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).

Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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			'reactivity' => 'Human, mouse, other (wide range)',
			'type' => 'Monoclonal',
			'purity' => 'Affinity purified',
			'classification' => 'Classic',
			'application_table' => '<table>
<thead>
<tr>
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<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
</tr>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
</tr>
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</table>',
			'storage_conditions' => '',
			'storage_buffer' => '',
			'precautions' => 'This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.',
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			'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
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		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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		'name' => '5-hmC monoclonal antibody (rat)',
		'description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).

Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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		'isotype' => 'IgG2a',
		'lot' => '002',
		'concentration' => '1 &micro;g/&micro;l',
		'reactivity' => 'Human, mouse, other (wide range)',
		'type' => 'Monoclonal',
		'purity' => 'Affinity purified',
		'classification' => 'Classic',
		'application_table' => '<table>
<thead>
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<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
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<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
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<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
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</table>',
		'storage_conditions' => '',
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		'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
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			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
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		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '1880',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MagMeDIP Kit',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/magmedip-kit-manual-C02010020-21.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center></center><center></center><center></center><center><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/banners/banner-nature-publication-580.png" alt="Click here to read more about MeDIP " caption="false" width="80%" /></a></center></div>
<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns">
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes<br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank">Read the publication</a></h3>
<h3 class="c-article-title u-h1" data-test="article-title" itemprop="name headline" style="text-align: justify;">Preparation of cfMeDIP-seq libraries for methylome profiling of plasma cell-free DNA<br /><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-019-0202-2" target="_blank" title="cfMeDIP-seq Nature Method">Read the method</a></h3>
</div>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center>
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<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns"><br />
<p>Perform <strong>MeDIP</strong> (<strong>Me</strong>thylated <strong>D</strong>NA <strong>I</strong>mmuno<strong>p</strong>recipitation) followed by qPCR or NGS to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using a highly sensitive 5-methylcytosine antibody. Our MagMeDIP kit contains high quality reagents to get the highest enrichment of methylated DNA with an optimized user-friendly protocol.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3><span>Features</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Starting DNA amount: <strong>10 ng &ndash; 1 &micro;g</strong></li>
<li>Content: <strong>all reagents included</strong> for DNA extraction, immunoprecipitation (including the 5-mC antibody, spike-in controls and their corresponding qPCR primer pairs) as well as DNA isolation after IP.</li>
<li>Application: <strong>qPCR</strong> and <strong>NGS</strong></li>
<li>Robust method, <strong>superior enrichment</strong>, and easy-to-use protocol</li>
<li><strong>High reproducibility</strong> between replicates and repetitive experiments</li>
<li>Compatible with <strong>all species&nbsp;</strong></li>
</ul>',
			'label1' => 'MagMeDIP workflow',
			'info1' => '<p>DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).</p>
<h3><span>How it works</span></h3>
<p>In brief, after the cell collection and lysis, the genomic DNA is extracted, sheared, and then denatured. In the next step the antibody directed against 5 methylcytosine and antibody binding beads are used for immunoselection and immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA fragments. Then, the IP&rsquo;d methylated DNA is isolated and can be used for any subsequent analysis as qPCR, amplification, hybridization on microarrays or next generation sequencing.</p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MagMeDIP-workflow.png" width="70%" alt="5-methylcytosine" caption="false" /></center>
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			'label2' => 'MeDIP-qPCR',
			'info2' => '<p>The kit MagMeDIP contains all reagents necessary for a complete MeDIP-qPCR workflow. Two MagMeDIP protocols have been validated: for manual processing as well as for automated processing, using the Diagenode&rsquo;s IP-Star Compact Automated System (please refer to the kit manual).</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Complete kit</strong> including DNA extraction module, IP antibody and reagents, DNA isolation buffer</li>
<li><strong>Quality control of the IP:</strong> due to methylated and unmethylated DNA spike-in controls and their associated qPCR primers</li>
<li><strong>Easy to use</strong> with user-friendly magnetic beads and rack</li>
<li><strong>Highly validated protocol</strong></li>
<li>Automated protocol supplied</li>
</ul>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/fig1-magmedipkit.png" width="85%" alt="Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation" caption="false" /></center>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><em><strong>Figure 1.</strong> Immunoprecipitation results obtained with Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit</em></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;">MeDIP assays were performed manually using 1 &micro;g or 50 ng gDNA from blood cells with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode). The IP was performed with the Methylated and Unmethylated spike-in controls included in the kit, together with the human DNA samples. The DNA was isolated/purified using DIB. Afterwards, qPCR was performed using the primer pairs included in this kit.</p>
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			'label3' => 'MeDIP-seq',
			'info3' => '<p>For DNA methylation analysis on the whole genome, MagMeDIP kit can be coupled with Next-Generation Sequencing. To perform MeDIP-sequencing we recommend the following strategy:</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Choose a library preparation solution which is compatible with the starting amount of DNA you are planning to use (from 10 ng to 1 &mu;g). It can be a home-made solution or a commercial one.</li>
<li>Choose the indexing system that fits your needs considering the following features:</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Single-indexing, combinatorial dual-indexing or unique dual-indexing</li>
<li>Number of barcodes</li>
<li>Full-length adaptors containing the barcodes or barcoding at the final amplification step</li>
<li>Presence / absence of Unique Molecular Identifiers (for PCR duplicates removal)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<li>Standard library preparation protocols are compatible with double-stranded DNA only, therefore the first steps of the library preparation (end repair, A-tailing, adaptor ligation and clean-up) will have to be performed on sheared DNA, before the IP.</li>
</ul>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong>CAUTION:</strong> As the immunoprecipitation step occurs at the middle of the library preparation workflow, single-tube solutions for library preparation are usually not compatible with MeDIP-sequencing.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For DNA isolation after the IP, we recommend using the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/ipure-kit-v2-x24" title="IPure kit v2">IPure kit v2</a> (available separately, Cat. No. C03010014) instead of DNA isolation Buffer.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Perform library amplification after the DNA isolation following the standard protocol of the chosen library preparation solution.</li>
</ul>
<h3><span>MeDIP-seq workflow</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MeDIP-seq-workflow.png" width="110%" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit x10 workflow" caption="false" /></center>
<h3><span>Example of results</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-specificity.png" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit Result" caption="false" width="951" height="488" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 1. qPCR analysis of external spike-in DNA controls (methylated and unmethylated) after IP.</strong> Samples were prepared using 1&mu;g &ndash; 100ng -10ng sheared human gDNA with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-saturation-analysis.png" alt=" MagMeDIP kit " caption="false" width="951" height="461" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 2. Saturation analysis.</strong> Clean reads were aligned to the human genome (hg19) using Burrows-Wheeler aligner (BWA) algorithm after which duplicated and unmapped reads were removed resulting in a mapping efficiency &gt;98% for all samples. Quality and validity check of the mapped MeDIP-seq data was performed using MEDIPS R package. Saturation plots show that all sets of reads have sufficient complexity and depth to saturate the coverage profile of the reference genome and that this is reproducible between replicates and repetitive experiments (data shown for 50 ng gDNA input: left panel = replicate a, right panel = replicate b).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-libraries-prep.png" alt="MagMeDIP x10 " caption="false" width="951" height="708" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 3. Sequencing profiles of MeDIP-seq libraries prepared from different starting amounts of sheared gDNA on the positive and negative methylated control regions.</strong> MeDIP-seq libraries were prepared from decreasing starting amounts of gDNA (1 &mu;g (green), 50 ng (red), and 10ng (blue)) originating from human blood with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode). IP and corresponding INPUT samples were sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq SP with 2x50 PE reads. The reads were mapped to the human genome (hg19) with bwa and the alignments were loaded into IGV (the tracks use an identical scale). The top IGV figure shows the TSH2B (also known as H2BC1) gene (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The TSH2B gene is coding for a histone variant that does not occur in blood cells, and it is known to be silenced by methylation. Accordingly, we see a high coverage in the vicinity of this gene. The bottom IGV figure shows the GADPH locus (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The GADPH gene is a highly active transcription region and should not be methylated, resulting in no reads accumulation following MeDIP-seq experiment.</p>
<p></p>
<ul>
<ul>
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			'format' => '48 rxns (IP)',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010021',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'mc-magme-048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010021-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '745',
			'price_USD' => '750',
			'price_GBP' => '680',
			'price_JPY' => '116705',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1875',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'slug' => 'magmedip-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MagMeDIP Kit for efficient immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Perform Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using highly specific 5-mC antibody. This kit allows the preparation  of cfMeDIP-seq libraries.',
			'modified' => '2023-07-06 14:15:10',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
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		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '1887',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MethylCap kit',
			'description' => '<p>The MethylCap kit allows to specifically capture DNA fragments containing methylated CpGs. The assay is based on the affinity purification of methylated DNA using methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) of human MeCP2 protein. The procedure has been adapted to both manual process or <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/sx-8g-ip-star-compact-automated-system-1-unit">IP-Star&reg; Compact Automated System</a>. Libraries of captured methylated DNA can be prepared for next-generation sequencing (NGS) by combining MBD technology with the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/microplex-lib-prep-kit-v3-48-rxns">MicroPlex Library Preparation Kit v3</a>.</p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Fast &amp; sensitive capture</strong> of methylated DNA</li>
<li><strong>High capture efficiency</strong></li>
<li><strong>Differential fractionation</strong> of methylated DNA by CpG density (3 eluted fractions)</li>
<li><strong>On-day protocol</strong></li>
<li><strong>NGS compatibility</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>MBD-seq allows for detection of genomic regions with different CpG density</h3>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/mbd_results1.png" alt="MBD-sequencing results have been validated by bisulfite sequencing" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong><strong>F</strong><strong>igure 1.</strong> Using the MBD approach, two methylated regions were detected in different elution fractions according to their methylated CpG density (A). Low, Medium and High refer to the sequenced DNA from different elution fractions with increasing salt concentration. Methylated patterns of these two different methylated regions were validated by bisulfite conversion assay (B).</p>',
			'label2' => '',
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			'format' => '48 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02020010',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-100-0048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02020010-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '740',
			'price_USD' => '695',
			'price_GBP' => '675',
			'price_JPY' => '115920',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1738',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'methylcap-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'modified' => '2024-11-21 06:38:46',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '1892',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/Premium_Bisulfite_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Make your Bisulfite conversion now in only 60 minutes !</strong></p>
<p>Diagenode's Premium Bisulfite Kit rapidly converts DNA through bisulfite treatment. Our conversion reagent is added directly to DNA, requires no intermediate steps, and results in high yields of DNA ready for downstream analysis methods including PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing.</p>',
			'label1' => '',
			'info1' => '',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02030030',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C02030030-',
			'type' => 'REF',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '255',
			'price_USD' => '240',
			'price_GBP' => '230',
			'price_JPY' => '39945',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '600',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
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			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'premium-bisulfite-kit-50-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:13:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '1882',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/hMeDIP_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p><span>The hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA<span><span>&nbsp;</span>samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span></span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA<span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</p>
<p><em>Looking for hMeDIP-seq protocol? <a href="https://go.diagenode.com/l/928883/2022-01-07/2m1ht" target="_blank" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></em></p>
<p><span></span></p>
<p><span></span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>hmeDNA and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010031',
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			'sf_code' => 'C02010031-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
			'price_GBP' => '580',
			'price_JPY' => '98690',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1725',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:12:48',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '2362',
			'antibody_id' => '428',
			'name' => 'TET2 Antibody',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against <strong>TET2 (tet oncogene family member 2)</strong>, using a recombinant protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig4.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody ChIP Grade" width="284" height="208" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 1. TET2 ChIP results</strong><br /> ChIP was performed with U2OS chromatin extract and 5 &mu;g of either control rabbit IgG or TET2 antibody. The precipitated DNA was detected by PCR with primer set targeting to CCND2. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig1.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunoprecipitates" width="284" height="345" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 2. TET2 IP results</strong> TET2 antibody immunoprecipitates TET2 protein in IP experiments. IP samples: 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of TET2-transfected 293T cells. A. Control with 3 &mu;g of preimmune Rabbit IgG B. Immunoprecipitation of TET2 protein by 3 &mu;g TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) 5 % SDS-PAGE The immunoprecipitated TET2 protein was detected by TET2 antibody diluted 1:3,000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig2.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunofluorescent" width="284" height="112" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 3. TET2 IF results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein in the nucleus by immunofluorescent analysis. Sample: HeLa cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 15 min. Green: TET2 protein stained by TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) diluted 1:500. Blue: Hoechst 33342 staining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig3.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Western Blot" width="150" height="258" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 4. TET2 Western blot results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein by Western blot analysis. A. 30 &mu;g 293T whole cell extract B. 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of human TET2-transfected 293T cells 5 % SDS-PAGE TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) dilution: 1:5000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET2 (UniProt/Swiss-Prot entry Q6N021) is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). 5-hmC has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA and is abundant in Purkinje neurons, granule cells, embryonic stem cells, and brain tissue, especially in areas that are associated with higher cognitive function. Although its precise role has still to be shown, recent studies indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. Mutations in TET2 have been associated with myeloproliferative diseases such as essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 μl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410255-100',
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			'sf_code' => 'C15410255-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '395',
			'price_USD' => '410',
			'price_GBP' => '345',
			'price_JPY' => '61875',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1025',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet2-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET2 Antibody - ChIP Grade (C15410255) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET2 (Tet oncogene family member 2) Polyclonal Antibody validated  in ChIP-qPCR, IP, WB and IF.',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:05:23',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2429',
			'antibody_id' => '429',
			'name' => 'TET3 Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3), using 4 KLH-conjugated synthetic peptides containing sequences from different parts of the protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-ELISA.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="301" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Determination of the antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of Diagenode antibody directed against mouse TET3 (cat. No. C15410311). The plates were coated with the peptides used for immunization of the rabbit. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:20,300.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="167" width="123" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 2. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br />Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:1,000 in TBS-Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB2.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="185" width="142" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 3. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br /> Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:200 in TBS- Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. Lane 2 shows the results after incubation of the antibody with the immunizing peptides. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET3 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O43151) is a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) gene family which play a role in the DNA methylation process. It catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) which is the first step in demethylation of the DNA. TET3 may therefore play an important role in gene activation and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Diseases associated with TET3 include acute myeloid leukemia.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 μg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410311',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410311-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '260',
			'price_USD' => '260',
			'price_GBP' => '245',
			'price_JPY' => '40730',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '650',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet3-polyclonal-antibody-pioneer-50-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET3 Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in WB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. ',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 16:06:44',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '1980',
			'antibody_id' => '630',
			'name' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3',
			'description' => '<p><span>Monoclonal antibody raised in mouse against&nbsp;</span><b>5-mC</b><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(</span><b>5-methylcytosine</b><span>) conjugated to ovalbumine (</span><b>33D3 clone</b><span>).</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-A.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="173" /></p>
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-B.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="184" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. MeDIP-seq with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> Genomic DNA from E14 ES cells was sheared with the Bioruptor&reg; to generate random fragments (size range 300 to 700 bp). One &micro;g of the fragmented DNA was ligated to Illumina adapters and the resulting DNA was used for a standard MeDIP assay, using 2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081). After recovery of the methylated DNA, Illumina sequencing libraries were generated and sequenced on an Illumina Genome Analyzer according to the manufacturer&rsquo;s instructions. Figure 1A and 1B show Genome browser views of CA simple repeat elements with read distributions specific for 5-mC at 2 gene locations (SigleC15 and Mfsd4). Visual inspection of the peak profiles in a genome browser reveals high enrichment of CA simple repeats in affinity-enriched methylated fragments after MeDIP with the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_medip.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP" caption="false" width="355" height="372" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. MeDIP results obtained with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> MeDIP (Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation) was performed on 1 &micro;g fragmented human genomic DNA using 0.2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081) and the MagMeDIP Kit (cat. No. C02010021). The fragmented DNA was spiked with the internal controls present in the kit (methylated DNA (meDNA) as a positive and unmethylated DNA (unDNA) as a negative control) prior to performing the IP. QPCR was performed with optimized primer sets, included in the kit, specific for the methylated and unmethylated DNA controls, and for a known methylated (TSH2B) and unmethylated (GAPDH) genomic region. Figure 2 shows the recovery expressed as a % of input (the relative amount of immunoprecipitated DNA compared to input DNA after qPCR analysis).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_Dotblot.png" alt=" 5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in dot blot" caption="false" width="201" height="196" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081), a Dot blot analysis was performed using the hmC, mC and C controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (cat. No. C02040010). One hundred to 4 ng (equivalent of 5 to 0.2 pmol of C-bases) of the controls were spotted on a membrane. Figure 3 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the methylated control.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_IF1.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody for immunofluorescence" height="121" width="500" caption="false" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Immunofluorescence using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />HeLa cells were stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081) and with DAPI. Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10&rsquo; and blocked with PBS/TX-100 containing 1% BSA. The cells were immunofluorescently labelled with the 5-mC antibody (middle) diluted 1:500 in blocking solution followed by an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to Alexa594. The left panel shows staining of the nuclei with DAPI. A merge of the two stainings is shown on the right.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<!--
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_SPR.png" alt="5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody" surface="" plasmon="" resonance="" caption="false" width="700" height="372" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 5. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />A synthesized biotin-labeled 5-mC conjugate was immobilized on a CM4 BIAcore sensorchip (GE Healthcare, France). Briefly, two flowcells were prepared by sequential injections of EDC/NHS, streptavidin, and ethanolamine. One of these flowcells served as negative control (biotinylated spacer without 5-mC), while biotinylated 5-mC conjugate was injected in the other one, to get an immobilization level of 55 response units (RU). All SPR experiments were performed, using HBS-N buffer (10 mM HEPES,150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), at a flow rate of 5 &micro;l/min. Interaction assays involved injections of 2 different dilutions of the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. C15200081) over the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate and negative control surfaces, followed by a 3 min washing step with HBS-N buffer to allow dissociation of the complexes formed. At the end of each cycle, the streptavidin surface was regenerated by injection of 0.1M citric acid (pH=3).</small></p>
<p><small>The sensorgrams correspond to the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate surface signal subtracted with the negative control. Data from the sensorgrams that reached binding equilibrium were used for Scatchard analysis. The value of the dissociation constant (kd) obtained by global fitting and 1:1 Langmuir model is 65 nM.</small></p>
</div>
</div>-->',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15200081-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-081-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15200081-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '505',
			'price_USD' => '575',
			'price_GBP' => '450',
			'price_JPY' => '79110',
			'price_CNY' => '0',
			'price_AUD' => '1438',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => 'October 27, 2020',
			'slug' => '5-mc-monoclonal-antibody-33d3-premium-100-ug-50-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3 (C15200081) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC),monoclonal antibody,Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation',
			'meta_description' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Monoclonal Antibody, clone 33D3  validated  in MeDIP-seq, MeDIP, DB and IF. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-05-17 10:08:33',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '2280',
			'antibody_id' => '234',
			'name' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<div data-canvas-width="124.25999999999996" style="left: 329.401px; top: 425.793px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);">Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-Carboxylcytosine (5ca-CMP monophosphate) conjugated to BSA.</div>
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Dotblot.jpg" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 1. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), a Dot Blot analysis was performed using synthetic oligonucleotides containing different modified C-bases (indicated in red). 125 and 25 ng of the respective oligo&rsquo;s were bound to a Streptavindin-coated multi-well plate. The antibody was used at a dilution of 1:1,000. The binding of antibody to the DNA was measured by ECL chemiluminescence. Figure 1 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the carboxylated cytosine. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Immunostaining.jpg" alt="Immunofluorescence" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 2. Immunofluorescence assay using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> 293T cells were transfected with either the mouse FLAG-tagged wild-type Tet1 (Tet1 CD) or the catalytically inactive FLAG-tagged C-terminal domain of Tet1 (Tet1 mCD) and stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), diluted 1:500, and with an anti-FLAG antibody, followed by DAPI counterstaining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-chip.jpg" alt="Immunoprecipitation" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 3. Immunoprecipitation using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> Immunoprecipitation was performed with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050) on 2 &mu;g of J1 ES genomic DNA, spiked with 1 pg of a control DNA fragment (approximately 700 bp from the RFP (Ring finger protein) gene) containing different cytosine modifications. The mC and hmC control DNA was generated by PCR with the corresponding nucleotide. The caC control fragment was obtained by in vitro methylation using M.SssI methyltransferase followed by oxidation with purified Tet2. The IP&rsquo;d DNA was subsequently anaysed by qPCR using primers specific for the control DNA fragments and for GAPDH, used as a negative control. Figure 3 shows the enrichment calculated as the ratio of the recovery of the control DNA versus the recovery of the GAPDH negative control. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until recently, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base (also called the Sixth base) is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. This pathway could involve further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group followed by either deformylation or decarboxylation. The carboxyl and formyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) could be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC and 5-hmC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-Carboxycytosine.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410204-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'pAb-caC-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410204-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug',
			'meta_title' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Immunoprecipitation,5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC),polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DB, IF and IP. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-01-17 20:11:37',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '2136',
			'antibody_id' => '440',
			'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15310200',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15310200-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'Japan',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-01-30 14:16:16',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Image' => array(
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	'Application' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '28',
			'position' => '10',
			'parent_id' => '40',
			'name' => 'DB',
			'description' => '<p>Dot blotting</p>',
			'in_footer' => false,
			'in_menu' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'tabular' => true,
			'slug' => 'dot-blotting',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Dot blotting,Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody,',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for Dot blotting applications',
			'meta_title' => 'Dot blotting Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2016-01-13 14:40:49',
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			'name' => 'ELISA',
			'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>',
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			'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
			'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
			'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
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			'id' => '23',
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			'name' => 'DNA modifications',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">T</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">he pattern of <strong>DNA modifications</strong> is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. Methylation of 5-cytosine (5-mC), one of the best-studied epigenetic marks, is carried out by the <strong>DNA methyltransferases</strong> DNMT3A and B and DNMT1. DNMT3A and DNMT3B are responsible for </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">de novo</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> DNA methylation, whereas DNMT1 maintains existing methylation. 5-mC undergoes active demethylation which is performed by the <strong>Ten-Eleven Translocation</strong> (TET) familly of DNA hydroxylases. The latter consists of 3 members TET1, 2 and 3. All 3 members catalyze the conversion of <strong>5-methylcytosine</strong> (5-mC) into <strong>5-hydroxymethylcytosine</strong> (5-hmC), and further into <strong>5-formylcytosine</strong> (5-fC) and <strong>5-carboxycytosine</strong> (5-caC). 5-fC and 5-caC can be converted to unmodified cytosine by <strong>Thymine DNA Glycosylase</strong> (TDG). It is not yet clear if 5-hmC, 5-fC and 5-caC have specific functions or are simply intermediates in the demethylation of 5-mC.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">DNA methylation is generally considered as a repressive mark and is usually associated with gene silencing. It is essential that the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation is precisely maintained. Dysregulation of DNA methylation may lead to many different human diseases and is often observed in cancer cells.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode offers highly validated antibodies against different proteins involved in DNA modifications as well as against the modified bases allowing the study of all steps and intermediates in the DNA methylation/demethylation pathway:</span></p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/categories/antibodies/dna-methylation.jpg" height="599" width="816" /></p>
<p><strong>Diagenode exclusively sources the original 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody (clone 33D3).</strong></p>
<p>Check out the list below to see all proposed antibodies for DNA modifications.</p>
<p>Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
</ul>',
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			'slug' => 'dna-methylation-antibody',
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			'meta_keywords' => 'Monoclonal Antibodies,Polyclonal  antibodies,DNA methylation,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal and Polyclonal antibodies for DNA Methylation. The pattern of DNA modifications is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. ',
			'meta_title' => 'DNA modifications - Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies for DNA Methylation | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2020-08-03 15:25:37',
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			'id' => '103',
			'position' => '0',
			'parent_id' => '4',
			'name' => 'All antibodies',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Diagenode&rsquo;s antibodies are listed below. Please, use our Quick search field to find the antibody of interest by target name, application, purity.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</span></p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
</ul>',
			'no_promo' => false,
			'in_menu' => true,
			'online' => true,
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			'is_antibody' => true,
			'slug' => 'all-antibodies',
			'cookies_tag_id' => null,
			'meta_keywords' => 'Antibodies,Premium Antibodies,Classic,Pioneer',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode Offers Strict quality standards with Rigorous QC and validated Antibodies. Classified based on level of validation for flexibility of Application. Comprehensive selection of histone and non-histone Antibodies',
			'meta_title' => 'Diagenode's selection of Antibodies is exclusively dedicated for Epigenetic Research | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2019-07-03 10:55:44',
			'created' => '2015-11-02 14:49:22',
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	),
	'Document' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '368',
			'name' => 'Datasheet 5hmC MAb-633HMC-100',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Datasheet',
			'url' => 'files/products/antibodies/Datasheet_5hmC_MAb-633HMC-100.pdf',
			'slug' => 'datasheet-5hmc-mab-633hmc-100',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-08-28 23:34:49',
			'created' => '2015-07-07 11:47:44',
			'ProductsDocument' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '38',
			'name' => 'Epigenetic Antibodies Brochure',
			'description' => '<p>More than in any other immuoprecipitation assays, quality antibodies are critical tools in many epigenetics experiments. Since 10 years, Diagenode has developed the most stringent quality production available on the market for antibodies exclusively focused on epigenetic uses. All our antibodies have been qualified to work in epigenetic applications.</p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Brochure',
			'url' => 'files/brochures/Epigenetic_Antibodies_Brochure.pdf',
			'slug' => 'epigenetic-antibodies-brochure',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2016-06-15 11:24:06',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:27',
			'ProductsDocument' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '5',
			'name' => 'Exclusive Highly Specific Kits Antibodies for DNA HydroxyMethylation Studies',
			'description' => '<p>Cytosine hydroxymethylation was recently discovered as an important epigenetic mechanism. This cytosine base modification results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the TET family of oxygenases. Though the precise role of 5-hmC is the subject of intense research and debate, early studies strongly indicate that it is also involved in gene regulation and in numerous important biological processes including embryonic development, cellular differentiation, stem cell reprogramming and carcinogenesis.</p>
<p>The study of 5-hmC has long been limited due to the lack of high quality, validated tools and technologies that discriminate hydroxymethylation from methylation in regulating gene expression. The use of highly specific antibodies against 5-hmC for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA offers a reliable solution for hydroxymethylation profiling.</p>
<p></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Poster',
			'url' => 'files/posters/Exclusive_Highly_Specific_Kits_Antibodies_for_DNA_HydroxyMethylation_Studies_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'exclusive-highly-specific-kits-antibodies-for-dna-hydroxymethylation-studies-poster',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2020-11-23 17:39:14',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
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			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '11',
			'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Poster',
			'url' => 'files/posters/Antibodies_you_can_trust_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'antibodies-you-can-trust-poster',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
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			'modified' => '2015-10-01 20:18:31',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
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		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '250',
			'name' => 'product/antibodies/antibody.png',
			'alt' => 'Mouse IgG',
			'modified' => '2020-11-27 07:00:09',
			'created' => '2015-07-17 10:12:18',
			'ProductsImage' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Promotion' => array(),
	'Protocol' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '15',
			'name' => 'Dot blot protocol for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal rat antibody',
			'description' => '<div class="page" title="Page 1">
<div class="section">
<div class="layoutArea">
<div class="column">
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Protocol',
			'url' => 'files/protocols/Protocol-Dot-blot5-hmc.pdf',
			'slug' => 'protocol-dot-blot5-hmc',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-10-01 19:00:42',
			'created' => '2015-07-20 10:35:07',
			'ProductsProtocol' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
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	),
	'Publication' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '4249',
			'name' => 'DNMT1 regulates the timing of DNA methylation by DNMT3 in anenzymatic activity-dependent manner in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Ito Takamasa et al.',
			'description' => '<p>DNA methylation (DNAme; 5-methylcytosine, 5mC) plays an essential role in mammalian development, and the 5mC profile is regulated by a balance of opposing enzymatic activities: DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TETs). In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), de novo DNAme by DNMT3 family enzymes, demethylation by the TET-mediated conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmC), and maintenance of the remaining DNAme by DNMT1 are actively repeated throughout cell cycles, dynamically forming a constant 5mC profile. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism and physiological significance of this active cyclic DNA modification in mouse ESCs remain unclear. Here by visualizing the localization of DNA modifications on metaphase chromosomes and comparing whole-genome methylation profiles before and after the mid-S phase in ESCs lacking Dnmt1 (1KO ESCs), we demonstrated that in 1KO ESCs, DNMT3-mediated remethylation was interrupted during and after DNA replication. This results in a marked asymmetry in the distribution of 5hmC between sister chromatids at mitosis, with one chromatid being almost no 5hmC. When introduced in 1KO ESCs, the catalytically inactive form of DNMT1 (DNMT1CI) induced an increase in DNAme in pericentric heterochromatin and the DNAme-independent repression of IAPEz, a retrotransposon family, in 1KO ESCs. However, DNMT1CI could not restore the ability of DNMT3 to methylate unmodified dsDNA de novo in S phase in 1KO ESCs. Furthermore, during in vitro differentiation into epiblasts, 1KO ESCs expressing DNMT1CI showed an even stronger tendency to differentiate into the primitive endoderm than 1KO ESCs and were readily reprogrammed into the primitive streak via an epiblast-like cell state, reconfirming the importance of DNMT1 enzymatic activity at the onset of epiblast differentiation. These results indicate a novel function of DNMT1, in which DNMT1 actively regulates the timing and genomic targets of de novo methylation by DNMT3 in an enzymatic activity-dependent and independent manner, respectively.</p>',
			'date' => '2022-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'doi' => '10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'modified' => '2022-05-20 09:34:50',
			'created' => '2022-05-19 10:41:50',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '4045',
			'name' => 'Functional role of Tet-mediated RNA hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES
cells and during differentiation.',
			'authors' => 'Lan, Jie and Rajan, Nicholas and Bizet, Martin and Penning, Audrey and
Singh, Nitesh K and Guallar, Diana and Calonne, Emilie and Li Greci, Andrea
and Bonvin, Elise and Deplus, Rachel and Hsu, Phillip J and Nachtergaele,
Sigrid and Ma, Chengjie and Song, ',
			'description' => 'Tet-enzyme-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines in DNA plays a
crucial role in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In RNA also,
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) has recently been evidenced, but its
physiological roles are still largely unknown. Here we show the
contribution and function of this mark in mouse ESCs and differentiating
embryoid bodies. Transcriptome-wide mapping in ESCs reveals hundreds of
messenger RNAs marked by 5hmC at sites characterized by a defined unique
consensus sequence and particular features. During differentiation a large
number of transcripts, including many encoding key pluripotency-related
factors (such as Eed and Jarid2), show decreased cytosine
hydroxymethylation. Using Tet-knockout ESCs, we find Tet enzymes to be
partly responsible for deposition of 5hmC in mRNA. A transcriptome-wide
search further reveals mRNA targets to which Tet1 and Tet2 bind, at sites
showing a topology similar to that of 5hmC sites. Tet-mediated RNA
hydroxymethylation is found to reduce the stability of crucial
pluripotency-promoting transcripts. We propose that RNA cytosine
5-hydroxymethylation by Tets is a mark of transcriptome flexibility,
inextricably linked to the balance between pluripotency and lineage
commitment.',
			'date' => '2020-10-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33009383',
			'doi' => '10.1038/s41467-020-18729-6',
			'modified' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'created' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '3660',
			'name' => 'Global distribution of DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA methylation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.',
			'authors' => 'Wernig-Zorc S, Yadav MP, Kopparapu PK, Bemark M, Kristjansdottir HL, Andersson PO, Kanduri C, Kanduri M',
			'description' => '<p>BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been a good model system to understand the functional role of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in cancer progression. More recently, an oxidized form of 5-mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has gained lot of attention as a regulatory epigenetic modification with prognostic and diagnostic implications for several cancers. However, there is no global study exploring the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels in CLL. Herein, using mass spectrometry and hMeDIP-sequencing, we analysed the dynamics of 5-hmC during B cell maturation and CLL pathogenesis. RESULTS: We show that na&iuml;ve B-cells had higher levels of 5-hmC and 5-mC compared to non-class switched and class-switched memory B-cells. We found a significant decrease in global 5-mC levels in CLL patients (n&thinsp;=&thinsp;15) compared to na&iuml;ve and memory B cells, with no changes detected between the CLL prognostic groups. On the other hand, global 5-hmC levels of CLL patients were similar to memory B cells and reduced compared to na&iuml;ve B cells. Interestingly, 5-hmC levels were increased at regulatory regions such as gene-body, CpG island shores and shelves and 5-hmC distribution over the gene-body positively correlated with degree of transcriptional activity. Importantly, CLL samples showed aberrant 5-hmC and 5-mC pattern over gene-body compared to well-defined patterns in normal B-cells. Integrated analysis of 5-hmC and RNA-sequencing from CLL datasets identified three novel oncogenic drivers that could have potential roles in CLL development and progression. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, our study suggests that the global loss of 5-hmC, accompanied by its significant increase at the gene regulatory regions, constitute a novel hallmark of CLL pathogenesis. Our combined analysis of 5-mC and 5-hmC sequencing provided insights into the potential role of 5-hmC in modulating gene expression changes during CLL pathogenesis.</p>',
			'date' => '2019-01-07',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.gov/30616658',
			'doi' => '10.1186/s13072‑018‑0252‑7',
			'modified' => '2019-07-01 11:46:16',
			'created' => '2019-06-21 14:55:31',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
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		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '2992',
			'name' => 'Regulation of the DNA Methylation Landscape in Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming by the miR-29 Family',
			'authors' => 'Hysolli E et al.',
			'description' => 'Reprogramming to pluripotency after overexpression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC is accompanied by global genomic and epigenomic changes. Histone modification and DNA methylation states in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been shown to be highly similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, epigenetic differences still exist between iPSCs and ESCs. In particular, aberrant DNA methylation states found in iPSCs are a major concern when using iPSCs in a clinical setting. Thus, it is critical to find factors that regulate DNA methylation states in reprogramming. Here, we found that the miR-29 family is an important epigenetic regulator during human somatic cell reprogramming. Our global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation analysis shows that DNA demethylation is a major event mediated by miR-29a depletion during early reprogramming, and that iPSCs derived from miR-29a depletion are epigenetically closer to ESCs. Our findings uncover an important miRNA-based approach to generate clinically robust iPSCs.',
			'date' => '2016-07-12',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373925',
			'doi' => '10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.014',
			'modified' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'created' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '2811',
			'name' => 'Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F.',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://pubmed.gov/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'created' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '3750',
			'name' => 'RNA biochemistry. Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine.',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.org/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2019-10-03 12:29:05',
			'created' => '2019-10-02 16:16:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2613',
			'name' => 'CpG signalling, H2A.Z/H3 acetylation and microRNA-mediated deferred self-attenuation orchestrate foetal NOS3 expression.',
			'authors' => 'Postberg J, Kanders M, Forcob S, Willems R, Orth V, Hensel KO, Weil PP, Wirth S, Jenke AC',
			'description' => 'BACKGROUND: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to permanent physiological changes including vascular tone regulation, potentially influencing the risk for adult vascular diseases. We therefore aimed to monitor responsive NOS3 expression in human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) and to study the underlying epigenetic signatures involved in its regulation. RESULTS: NOS3 and STAT3 mRNA levels were elevated in HUAEC of patients who suffered from placental insufficiency. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, H3K9ac and Histone 2A (H2A).Zac at the NOS3 transcription start site directly correlated with NOS3 mRNA levels. Concomitantly, we observed entangled histone acetylation patterns and NOS3 response upon hypoxic conditions in vitro. Knock-down of either NOS3 or STAT3 by RNAi provided evidence for a functional NOS3/STAT3 relationship. Moreover, we recognized massive turnover of Stat3 at a discrete binding site in the NOS3 promoter. Interestingly, induced hyperacetylation resulted in short-termed increase of NOS3 mRNA followed by deferred decrease indicating that NOS3 expression could become self-attenuated by co-expressed intronic 27 nt-ncRNA. Reporter assay results and phylogenetic analyses enabled us to propose a novel model for STAT3-3'-UTR targeting by this 27-nt-ncRNA. CONCLUSIONS: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to adaptive changes of NOS3 expression. Apparently, a rapid NOS3 self-limiting response upon ectopic triggers co-exists with longer termed expression changes in response to placental insufficiency involving differential epigenetic signatures. Their persistence might contribute to impaired vascular endothelial response and consequently increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.',
			'date' => '2015-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25699114',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '2348',
			'name' => 'White matter tract and glial-associated changes in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.',
			'authors' => 'Tsenkina Y, Ruzov A, Gliddon C, Horsburgh K, De Sousa PA',
			'description' => 'White matter abnormalities due to age-related cerebrovascular alterations is a common pathological hallmark associated with functional impairment in the elderly which has been modeled in chronically hypoperfused mice. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are DNA modifications that have been recently linked with age-related neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology. Here we conducted a pilot investigation of whether chronic cerebral hypoperfusion might affect genomic distribution of these modifications and/ or a Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) which catalyses hydroxymethylation in white and grey matter regions of this animal model. Immunohistochemical evaluation of sham and chronically hypoperfused mice a month after surgery revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the proportion of 5hmC positive cells, Iba1 positive inflammatory microglia, and NG2 positive oligodendroglial progenitors in the hypoperfused corpus callosum. In the same white matter tract there was an absence of hypoperfusion-induced alterations in the proportion of 5mC, TET2 positive cells and CC1 positive mature oligodrendrocytes. Correlation analysis across animals within both treatment groups demonstrated a significant association of the elevated 5hmC levels with increases in the proportion of inflammatory microglia only (p=0.01) in the corpus callosum. In vitro studies revealed that 5hmC is lost during oligodendroglial maturation but not microglial activation. Additionally, TET1, TET2, and TET3 protein levels showed dynamic alterations during oligodendroglial development and following oxidative stress in vitro. Our study suggests that 5hmC exhibits white matter tract and cell type specific dynamics following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.',
			'date' => '2014-10-10',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305569',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
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		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '994',
			'name' => 'Tet2 Facilitates the Derepression of Myeloid Target Genes during CEBPα-Induced Transdifferentiation of Pre-B Cells.',
			'authors' => 'Kallin EM, Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Christensen J, Cimmino L, Aifantis I, Helin K, Ballestar E, Graf T',
			'description' => 'The methylcytosine hydroxylase Tet2 has been implicated in hematopoietic differentiation and the formation of myeloid malignancies when mutated. An ideal system to study the role of Tet2 in myelopoeisis is CEBPα-induced transdifferentiation of pre-B cells into macrophages. Here we found that CEBPα binds to upstream regions of Tet2 and that the gene becomes activated. Tet2 knockdowns impaired the upregulation of macrophage markers as well as phagocytic capacity, suggesting that the enzyme is required for both early and late stage myeloid differentiation. A slightly weaker effect was seen in primary cells with a Tet2 ablation. Expression arrays of transdifferentiating cells with Tet2 knockdowns permitted the identification of a small subset of myeloid genes whose upregulation was blunted. Activation of these target genes was accompanied by rapid increases of promoter hydroxy-methylation. Our observations indicate that Tet2 helps CEBPα rapidly derepress myeloid genes during the conversion of pre-B cells into macrophages.',
			'date' => '2012-09-12',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981865',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
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		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '149',
			'name' => 'Lineage-specific distribution of high levels of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian development.',
			'authors' => 'Ruzov A, Tsenkina Y, Serio A, Dudnakova T, Fletcher J, Bai Y, Chebotareva T, Pells S, Hannoun Z, Sullivan G, Chandran S, Hay DC, Bradley M, Wilmut I, De Sousa P',
			'description' => 'Methylation of cytosine is a DNA modification associated with gene repression. Recently, a novel cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been discovered. Here we examine 5-hmC distribution during mammalian development and in cellular systems, and show that the developmental dynamics of 5-hmC are different from those of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC); in particular 5-hmC is enriched in embryonic contexts compared to adult tissues. A detectable 5-hmC signal appears in pre-implantation development starting at the zygote stage, where the paternal genome is subjected to a genome-wide hydroxylation of 5-mC, which precisely coincides with the loss of the 5-mC signal in the paternal pronucleus. Levels of 5-hmC are high in cells of the inner cell mass in blastocysts, and the modification colocalises with nestin-expressing cell populations in mouse post-implantation embryos. Compared to other adult mammalian organs, 5-hmC is strongly enriched in bone marrow and brain, wherein high 5-hmC content is a feature of both neuronal progenitors and post-mitotic neurons. We show that high levels of 5-hmC are not only present in mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and lost during differentiation, as has been reported previously, but also reappear during the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells; thus 5-hmC enrichment correlates with a pluripotent cell state. Our findings suggest that apart from the cells of neuronal lineages, high levels of genomic 5-hmC are an epigenetic feature of embryonic cell populations and cellular pluri- and multi-lineage potency. To our knowledge, 5-hmC represents the first epigenetic modification of DNA discovered whose enrichment is so cell-type specific.',
			'date' => '2011-09-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747414',
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			'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
			'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
			'date' => '2011-04-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
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		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) (sample size)',
		'description' => '<p><span>5-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
	'label2' => '',
	'info2' => '',
	'label3' => '',
	'info3' => '',
	'format' => '100 µg',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
	'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-100',
	'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
	'type' => 'FRE',
	'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
	'price_EUR' => '500',
	'price_USD' => '500',
	'price_GBP' => '450',
	'price_JPY' => '78325',
	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '1250',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'None',
	'quote' => false,
	'in_stock' => false,
	'featured' => false,
	'no_promo' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'master' => false,
	'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
	'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-100-ug-64-ul',
	'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:18',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsGroup' => array(
		'id' => '4',
		'product_id' => '2034',
		'group_id' => '3'
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            <h6 style="height:60px">5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3</h6>
        </div>

    </div>
</li>
<li>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="small-12 columns">
                         <a href="/en/p/5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug"><img src="/img/product/antibodies/antibody.png" alt="Mouse IgG" class="th"/></a>        </div>



        <div class="small-12 columns">
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        <p>Add <input name="data[Cart][quantity]" placeholder="1" value="1" min="1" style="width:60px;display:inline" type="number" id="CartQuantity" required="required"/> <strong> 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody </strong>  to my shopping cart.</p>

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                <button class="alert small button expand" onclick="$(this).addToCart('5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody ',
                    'C15410204-100',
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</form><a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close">&#215;</a></div><!-- END: ADD TO CART MODAL --><a href="#" id="5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug" data-reveal-id="cartModal-2280" class="" style="color:#B21329"><i class="fa fa-cart-plus"></i></a>
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        <div class="small-12 columns" >
            <h6 style="height:60px">5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody </h6>
        </div>

    </div>
</li>
<li>
    <div class="row">
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                         <a href="/en/p/5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul"><img src="/img/product/antibodies/antibody.png" alt="Mouse IgG" class="th"/></a>        </div>



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</form><a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close">&#215;</a></div><!-- END: ADD TO CART MODAL --><a href="#" id="5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul" data-reveal-id="cartModal-2136" class="" style="color:#B21329"><i class="fa fa-cart-plus"></i></a>
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        </div>
        <div class="small-12 columns" >
            <h6 style="height:60px">5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody </h6>
        </div>

    </div>
</li>
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	'antibody_id' => '440',
	'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
	'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
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<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
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<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
	'label2' => 'Target description',
	'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
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	'price_USD' => '380',
	'price_GBP' => '340',
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	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '950',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'Japan',
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	'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
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	'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
	'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2023-01-30 14:16:16',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsRelated' => array(
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			'id' => '250',
			'name' => 'product/antibodies/antibody.png',
			'alt' => 'Mouse IgG',
			'modified' => '2020-11-27 07:00:09',
			'created' => '2015-07-17 10:12:18',
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				[maximum depth reached]
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$rrbs_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 1894,
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)
$chipseq_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 2683,
	(int) 1 => (int) 1835,
	(int) 2 => (int) 1836,
	(int) 3 => (int) 2684,
	(int) 4 => (int) 1838,
	(int) 5 => (int) 1839,
	(int) 6 => (int) 1856
)
$labelize = object(Closure) {
	
}
$old_catalog_number = ' <span style="color:#CCC">(MAb-633HMC-100)</span>'
$country_code = 'US'
$other_format = array(
	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
	'label2' => '',
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	'format' => '100 µg',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
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	'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
	'type' => 'FRE',
	'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
	'price_EUR' => '500',
	'price_USD' => '500',
	'price_GBP' => '450',
	'price_JPY' => '78325',
	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '1250',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'None',
	'quote' => false,
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	'featured' => false,
	'no_promo' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'master' => false,
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	'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-100-ug-64-ul',
	'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:18',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsGroup' => array(
		'id' => '4',
		'product_id' => '2034',
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	)
)
$img = 'banners/banner-cut_tag-chipmentation-500.jpg'
$label = '<img src="/img/banners/banner-customizer-back.png" alt=""/>'
$protocol = array(
	'id' => '15',
	'name' => 'Dot blot protocol for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal rat antibody',
	'description' => '<div class="page" title="Page 1">
<div class="section">
<div class="layoutArea">
<div class="column">
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>',
	'image_id' => null,
	'type' => 'Protocol',
	'url' => 'files/protocols/Protocol-Dot-blot5-hmc.pdf',
	'slug' => 'protocol-dot-blot5-hmc',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-10-01 19:00:42',
	'created' => '2015-07-20 10:35:07',
	'ProductsProtocol' => array(
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		'product_id' => '2033',
		'protocol_id' => '15'
	)
)
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	'id' => '20',
	'position' => '10',
	'parent_id' => '40',
	'name' => 'ELISA',
	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>',
	'in_footer' => false,
	'in_menu' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'tabular' => true,
	'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
	'ProductsApplication' => array(
		'id' => '4418',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'application_id' => '20'
	)
)
$slugs = array(
	(int) 0 => 'elisa-antibodies'
)
$applications = array(
	'id' => '20',
	'position' => '10',
	'parent_id' => '40',
	'name' => 'ELISA',
	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>',
	'in_footer' => false,
	'in_menu' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'tabular' => true,
	'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
	'locale' => 'eng'
)
$description = '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>'
$name = 'ELISA'
$document = array(
	'id' => '11',
	'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
	'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
	'image_id' => null,
	'type' => 'Poster',
	'url' => 'files/posters/Antibodies_you_can_trust_Poster.pdf',
	'slug' => 'antibodies-you-can-trust-poster',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-10-01 20:18:31',
	'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
	'ProductsDocument' => array(
		'id' => '2155',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'document_id' => '11'
	)
)
$sds = array(
	'id' => '484',
	'name' => '5-hmC antibody rat SDS ES es',
	'language' => 'es',
	'url' => 'files/SDS/5-hmC/SDS-C15220001-5-hydroxymethylcytosine_5-hmC_Antibody_rat_-ES-es-GHS_2_0.pdf',
	'countries' => 'ES',
	'modified' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'created' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'ProductsSafetySheet' => array(
		'id' => '905',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'safety_sheet_id' => '484'
	)
)
$publication = array(
	'id' => '361',
	'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
	'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
	'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
	'date' => '2011-04-01',
	'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
	'doi' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'ProductsPublication' => array(
		'id' => '635',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'publication_id' => '361'
	)
)
$externalLink = ' <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></a>'
include - APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
ProductsController::slug() - APP/Controller/ProductsController.php, line 1052
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 491
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118

Notice (8): Undefined variable: message [APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755]
Code Context
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$viewFile = '/home/website-server/www/app/View/Products/view.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
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			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
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<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
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<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
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		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
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<td>Fig 2</td>
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<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>',
		'storage_conditions' => '',
		'storage_buffer' => '',
		'precautions' => 'This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.',
		'uniprot_acc' => '',
		'slug' => '',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '',
		'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
		'created' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'select_label' => '59 - 5-hmC monoclonal antibody (rat) (002 - 1 &micro;g/&micro;l - Human, mouse, other (wide range) - Affinity purified - Rat)'
	),
	'Slave' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '3',
			'name' => 'C15220001',
			'product_id' => '2033',
			'modified' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53',
			'created' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53'
		)
	),
	'Group' => array(
		'Group' => array(
			'id' => '3',
			'name' => 'C15220001',
			'product_id' => '2033',
			'modified' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53',
			'created' => '2016-02-17 17:30:53'
		),
		'Master' => array(
			'id' => '2033',
			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15220001',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-050',
			'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-50-ug-32-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-11-19 16:58:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20'
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			'id' => '1885',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><span>The Auro hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA&nbsp;samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span><span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span><span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span><span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</span></p>',
			'label1' => ' Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>5-hmC, 5-mC and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
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			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010034',
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			'sf_code' => 'C02010034-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
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			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
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			'slug' => 'auto-hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Auto hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2021-01-18 10:37:19',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '1880',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MagMeDIP Kit',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/magmedip-kit-manual-C02010020-21.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center></center><center></center><center></center><center><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/banners/banner-nature-publication-580.png" alt="Click here to read more about MeDIP " caption="false" width="80%" /></a></center></div>
<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns">
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes<br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank">Read the publication</a></h3>
<h3 class="c-article-title u-h1" data-test="article-title" itemprop="name headline" style="text-align: justify;">Preparation of cfMeDIP-seq libraries for methylome profiling of plasma cell-free DNA<br /><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-019-0202-2" target="_blank" title="cfMeDIP-seq Nature Method">Read the method</a></h3>
</div>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center>
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<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns"><br />
<p>Perform <strong>MeDIP</strong> (<strong>Me</strong>thylated <strong>D</strong>NA <strong>I</strong>mmuno<strong>p</strong>recipitation) followed by qPCR or NGS to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using a highly sensitive 5-methylcytosine antibody. Our MagMeDIP kit contains high quality reagents to get the highest enrichment of methylated DNA with an optimized user-friendly protocol.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3><span>Features</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Starting DNA amount: <strong>10 ng &ndash; 1 &micro;g</strong></li>
<li>Content: <strong>all reagents included</strong> for DNA extraction, immunoprecipitation (including the 5-mC antibody, spike-in controls and their corresponding qPCR primer pairs) as well as DNA isolation after IP.</li>
<li>Application: <strong>qPCR</strong> and <strong>NGS</strong></li>
<li>Robust method, <strong>superior enrichment</strong>, and easy-to-use protocol</li>
<li><strong>High reproducibility</strong> between replicates and repetitive experiments</li>
<li>Compatible with <strong>all species&nbsp;</strong></li>
</ul>',
			'label1' => 'MagMeDIP workflow',
			'info1' => '<p>DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).</p>
<h3><span>How it works</span></h3>
<p>In brief, after the cell collection and lysis, the genomic DNA is extracted, sheared, and then denatured. In the next step the antibody directed against 5 methylcytosine and antibody binding beads are used for immunoselection and immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA fragments. Then, the IP&rsquo;d methylated DNA is isolated and can be used for any subsequent analysis as qPCR, amplification, hybridization on microarrays or next generation sequencing.</p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MagMeDIP-workflow.png" width="70%" alt="5-methylcytosine" caption="false" /></center>
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			'label2' => 'MeDIP-qPCR',
			'info2' => '<p>The kit MagMeDIP contains all reagents necessary for a complete MeDIP-qPCR workflow. Two MagMeDIP protocols have been validated: for manual processing as well as for automated processing, using the Diagenode&rsquo;s IP-Star Compact Automated System (please refer to the kit manual).</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Complete kit</strong> including DNA extraction module, IP antibody and reagents, DNA isolation buffer</li>
<li><strong>Quality control of the IP:</strong> due to methylated and unmethylated DNA spike-in controls and their associated qPCR primers</li>
<li><strong>Easy to use</strong> with user-friendly magnetic beads and rack</li>
<li><strong>Highly validated protocol</strong></li>
<li>Automated protocol supplied</li>
</ul>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/fig1-magmedipkit.png" width="85%" alt="Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation" caption="false" /></center>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><em><strong>Figure 1.</strong> Immunoprecipitation results obtained with Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit</em></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;">MeDIP assays were performed manually using 1 &micro;g or 50 ng gDNA from blood cells with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode). The IP was performed with the Methylated and Unmethylated spike-in controls included in the kit, together with the human DNA samples. The DNA was isolated/purified using DIB. Afterwards, qPCR was performed using the primer pairs included in this kit.</p>
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			'label3' => 'MeDIP-seq',
			'info3' => '<p>For DNA methylation analysis on the whole genome, MagMeDIP kit can be coupled with Next-Generation Sequencing. To perform MeDIP-sequencing we recommend the following strategy:</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Choose a library preparation solution which is compatible with the starting amount of DNA you are planning to use (from 10 ng to 1 &mu;g). It can be a home-made solution or a commercial one.</li>
<li>Choose the indexing system that fits your needs considering the following features:</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Single-indexing, combinatorial dual-indexing or unique dual-indexing</li>
<li>Number of barcodes</li>
<li>Full-length adaptors containing the barcodes or barcoding at the final amplification step</li>
<li>Presence / absence of Unique Molecular Identifiers (for PCR duplicates removal)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<li>Standard library preparation protocols are compatible with double-stranded DNA only, therefore the first steps of the library preparation (end repair, A-tailing, adaptor ligation and clean-up) will have to be performed on sheared DNA, before the IP.</li>
</ul>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong>CAUTION:</strong> As the immunoprecipitation step occurs at the middle of the library preparation workflow, single-tube solutions for library preparation are usually not compatible with MeDIP-sequencing.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For DNA isolation after the IP, we recommend using the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/ipure-kit-v2-x24" title="IPure kit v2">IPure kit v2</a> (available separately, Cat. No. C03010014) instead of DNA isolation Buffer.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Perform library amplification after the DNA isolation following the standard protocol of the chosen library preparation solution.</li>
</ul>
<h3><span>MeDIP-seq workflow</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MeDIP-seq-workflow.png" width="110%" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit x10 workflow" caption="false" /></center>
<h3><span>Example of results</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-specificity.png" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit Result" caption="false" width="951" height="488" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 1. qPCR analysis of external spike-in DNA controls (methylated and unmethylated) after IP.</strong> Samples were prepared using 1&mu;g &ndash; 100ng -10ng sheared human gDNA with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-saturation-analysis.png" alt=" MagMeDIP kit " caption="false" width="951" height="461" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 2. Saturation analysis.</strong> Clean reads were aligned to the human genome (hg19) using Burrows-Wheeler aligner (BWA) algorithm after which duplicated and unmapped reads were removed resulting in a mapping efficiency &gt;98% for all samples. Quality and validity check of the mapped MeDIP-seq data was performed using MEDIPS R package. Saturation plots show that all sets of reads have sufficient complexity and depth to saturate the coverage profile of the reference genome and that this is reproducible between replicates and repetitive experiments (data shown for 50 ng gDNA input: left panel = replicate a, right panel = replicate b).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-libraries-prep.png" alt="MagMeDIP x10 " caption="false" width="951" height="708" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 3. Sequencing profiles of MeDIP-seq libraries prepared from different starting amounts of sheared gDNA on the positive and negative methylated control regions.</strong> MeDIP-seq libraries were prepared from decreasing starting amounts of gDNA (1 &mu;g (green), 50 ng (red), and 10ng (blue)) originating from human blood with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode). IP and corresponding INPUT samples were sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq SP with 2x50 PE reads. The reads were mapped to the human genome (hg19) with bwa and the alignments were loaded into IGV (the tracks use an identical scale). The top IGV figure shows the TSH2B (also known as H2BC1) gene (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The TSH2B gene is coding for a histone variant that does not occur in blood cells, and it is known to be silenced by methylation. Accordingly, we see a high coverage in the vicinity of this gene. The bottom IGV figure shows the GADPH locus (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The GADPH gene is a highly active transcription region and should not be methylated, resulting in no reads accumulation following MeDIP-seq experiment.</p>
<p></p>
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			'format' => '48 rxns (IP)',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010021',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'mc-magme-048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010021-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '745',
			'price_USD' => '750',
			'price_GBP' => '680',
			'price_JPY' => '116705',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1875',
			'country' => 'ALL',
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			'slug' => 'magmedip-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MagMeDIP Kit for efficient immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Perform Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using highly specific 5-mC antibody. This kit allows the preparation  of cfMeDIP-seq libraries.',
			'modified' => '2023-07-06 14:15:10',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '1887',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MethylCap kit',
			'description' => '<p>The MethylCap kit allows to specifically capture DNA fragments containing methylated CpGs. The assay is based on the affinity purification of methylated DNA using methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) of human MeCP2 protein. The procedure has been adapted to both manual process or <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/sx-8g-ip-star-compact-automated-system-1-unit">IP-Star&reg; Compact Automated System</a>. Libraries of captured methylated DNA can be prepared for next-generation sequencing (NGS) by combining MBD technology with the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/microplex-lib-prep-kit-v3-48-rxns">MicroPlex Library Preparation Kit v3</a>.</p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Fast &amp; sensitive capture</strong> of methylated DNA</li>
<li><strong>High capture efficiency</strong></li>
<li><strong>Differential fractionation</strong> of methylated DNA by CpG density (3 eluted fractions)</li>
<li><strong>On-day protocol</strong></li>
<li><strong>NGS compatibility</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>MBD-seq allows for detection of genomic regions with different CpG density</h3>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/mbd_results1.png" alt="MBD-sequencing results have been validated by bisulfite sequencing" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong><strong>F</strong><strong>igure 1.</strong> Using the MBD approach, two methylated regions were detected in different elution fractions according to their methylated CpG density (A). Low, Medium and High refer to the sequenced DNA from different elution fractions with increasing salt concentration. Methylated patterns of these two different methylated regions were validated by bisulfite conversion assay (B).</p>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '48 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02020010',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-100-0048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02020010-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '740',
			'price_USD' => '695',
			'price_GBP' => '675',
			'price_JPY' => '115920',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1738',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => true,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'methylcap-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'modified' => '2024-11-21 06:38:46',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '1892',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/Premium_Bisulfite_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Make your Bisulfite conversion now in only 60 minutes !</strong></p>
<p>Diagenode's Premium Bisulfite Kit rapidly converts DNA through bisulfite treatment. Our conversion reagent is added directly to DNA, requires no intermediate steps, and results in high yields of DNA ready for downstream analysis methods including PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing.</p>',
			'label1' => '',
			'info1' => '',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02030030',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C02030030-',
			'type' => 'REF',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '255',
			'price_USD' => '240',
			'price_GBP' => '230',
			'price_JPY' => '39945',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '600',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'premium-bisulfite-kit-50-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:13:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '1882',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/hMeDIP_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p><span>The hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA<span><span>&nbsp;</span>samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span></span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA<span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</p>
<p><em>Looking for hMeDIP-seq protocol? <a href="https://go.diagenode.com/l/928883/2022-01-07/2m1ht" target="_blank" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></em></p>
<p><span></span></p>
<p><span></span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>hmeDNA and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010031',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-110-0016',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010031-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
			'price_GBP' => '580',
			'price_JPY' => '98690',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1725',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => true,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:12:48',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '2362',
			'antibody_id' => '428',
			'name' => 'TET2 Antibody',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against <strong>TET2 (tet oncogene family member 2)</strong>, using a recombinant protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig4.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody ChIP Grade" width="284" height="208" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 1. TET2 ChIP results</strong><br /> ChIP was performed with U2OS chromatin extract and 5 &mu;g of either control rabbit IgG or TET2 antibody. The precipitated DNA was detected by PCR with primer set targeting to CCND2. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig1.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunoprecipitates" width="284" height="345" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 2. TET2 IP results</strong> TET2 antibody immunoprecipitates TET2 protein in IP experiments. IP samples: 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of TET2-transfected 293T cells. A. Control with 3 &mu;g of preimmune Rabbit IgG B. Immunoprecipitation of TET2 protein by 3 &mu;g TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) 5 % SDS-PAGE The immunoprecipitated TET2 protein was detected by TET2 antibody diluted 1:3,000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig2.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunofluorescent" width="284" height="112" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 3. TET2 IF results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein in the nucleus by immunofluorescent analysis. Sample: HeLa cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 15 min. Green: TET2 protein stained by TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) diluted 1:500. Blue: Hoechst 33342 staining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig3.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Western Blot" width="150" height="258" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 4. TET2 Western blot results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein by Western blot analysis. A. 30 &mu;g 293T whole cell extract B. 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of human TET2-transfected 293T cells 5 % SDS-PAGE TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) dilution: 1:5000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET2 (UniProt/Swiss-Prot entry Q6N021) is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). 5-hmC has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA and is abundant in Purkinje neurons, granule cells, embryonic stem cells, and brain tissue, especially in areas that are associated with higher cognitive function. Although its precise role has still to be shown, recent studies indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. Mutations in TET2 have been associated with myeloproliferative diseases such as essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 μl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410255-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410255-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '395',
			'price_USD' => '410',
			'price_GBP' => '345',
			'price_JPY' => '61875',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1025',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet2-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET2 Antibody - ChIP Grade (C15410255) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET2 (Tet oncogene family member 2) Polyclonal Antibody validated  in ChIP-qPCR, IP, WB and IF.',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:05:23',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2429',
			'antibody_id' => '429',
			'name' => 'TET3 Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3), using 4 KLH-conjugated synthetic peptides containing sequences from different parts of the protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-ELISA.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="301" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Determination of the antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of Diagenode antibody directed against mouse TET3 (cat. No. C15410311). The plates were coated with the peptides used for immunization of the rabbit. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:20,300.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="167" width="123" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 2. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br />Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:1,000 in TBS-Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB2.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="185" width="142" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 3. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br /> Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:200 in TBS- Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. Lane 2 shows the results after incubation of the antibody with the immunizing peptides. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET3 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O43151) is a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) gene family which play a role in the DNA methylation process. It catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) which is the first step in demethylation of the DNA. TET3 may therefore play an important role in gene activation and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Diseases associated with TET3 include acute myeloid leukemia.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 μg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410311',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410311-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '260',
			'price_USD' => '260',
			'price_GBP' => '245',
			'price_JPY' => '40730',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '650',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet3-polyclonal-antibody-pioneer-50-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET3 Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in WB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. ',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 16:06:44',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '1980',
			'antibody_id' => '630',
			'name' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3',
			'description' => '<p><span>Monoclonal antibody raised in mouse against&nbsp;</span><b>5-mC</b><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(</span><b>5-methylcytosine</b><span>) conjugated to ovalbumine (</span><b>33D3 clone</b><span>).</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-A.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="173" /></p>
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-B.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="184" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. MeDIP-seq with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> Genomic DNA from E14 ES cells was sheared with the Bioruptor&reg; to generate random fragments (size range 300 to 700 bp). One &micro;g of the fragmented DNA was ligated to Illumina adapters and the resulting DNA was used for a standard MeDIP assay, using 2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081). After recovery of the methylated DNA, Illumina sequencing libraries were generated and sequenced on an Illumina Genome Analyzer according to the manufacturer&rsquo;s instructions. Figure 1A and 1B show Genome browser views of CA simple repeat elements with read distributions specific for 5-mC at 2 gene locations (SigleC15 and Mfsd4). Visual inspection of the peak profiles in a genome browser reveals high enrichment of CA simple repeats in affinity-enriched methylated fragments after MeDIP with the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_medip.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP" caption="false" width="355" height="372" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. MeDIP results obtained with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> MeDIP (Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation) was performed on 1 &micro;g fragmented human genomic DNA using 0.2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081) and the MagMeDIP Kit (cat. No. C02010021). The fragmented DNA was spiked with the internal controls present in the kit (methylated DNA (meDNA) as a positive and unmethylated DNA (unDNA) as a negative control) prior to performing the IP. QPCR was performed with optimized primer sets, included in the kit, specific for the methylated and unmethylated DNA controls, and for a known methylated (TSH2B) and unmethylated (GAPDH) genomic region. Figure 2 shows the recovery expressed as a % of input (the relative amount of immunoprecipitated DNA compared to input DNA after qPCR analysis).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_Dotblot.png" alt=" 5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in dot blot" caption="false" width="201" height="196" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081), a Dot blot analysis was performed using the hmC, mC and C controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (cat. No. C02040010). One hundred to 4 ng (equivalent of 5 to 0.2 pmol of C-bases) of the controls were spotted on a membrane. Figure 3 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the methylated control.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_IF1.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody for immunofluorescence" height="121" width="500" caption="false" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Immunofluorescence using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />HeLa cells were stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081) and with DAPI. Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10&rsquo; and blocked with PBS/TX-100 containing 1% BSA. The cells were immunofluorescently labelled with the 5-mC antibody (middle) diluted 1:500 in blocking solution followed by an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to Alexa594. The left panel shows staining of the nuclei with DAPI. A merge of the two stainings is shown on the right.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<!--
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_SPR.png" alt="5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody" surface="" plasmon="" resonance="" caption="false" width="700" height="372" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 5. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />A synthesized biotin-labeled 5-mC conjugate was immobilized on a CM4 BIAcore sensorchip (GE Healthcare, France). Briefly, two flowcells were prepared by sequential injections of EDC/NHS, streptavidin, and ethanolamine. One of these flowcells served as negative control (biotinylated spacer without 5-mC), while biotinylated 5-mC conjugate was injected in the other one, to get an immobilization level of 55 response units (RU). All SPR experiments were performed, using HBS-N buffer (10 mM HEPES,150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), at a flow rate of 5 &micro;l/min. Interaction assays involved injections of 2 different dilutions of the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. C15200081) over the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate and negative control surfaces, followed by a 3 min washing step with HBS-N buffer to allow dissociation of the complexes formed. At the end of each cycle, the streptavidin surface was regenerated by injection of 0.1M citric acid (pH=3).</small></p>
<p><small>The sensorgrams correspond to the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate surface signal subtracted with the negative control. Data from the sensorgrams that reached binding equilibrium were used for Scatchard analysis. The value of the dissociation constant (kd) obtained by global fitting and 1:1 Langmuir model is 65 nM.</small></p>
</div>
</div>-->',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15200081-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-081-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15200081-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '505',
			'price_USD' => '575',
			'price_GBP' => '450',
			'price_JPY' => '79110',
			'price_CNY' => '0',
			'price_AUD' => '1438',
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			'last_datasheet_update' => 'October 27, 2020',
			'slug' => '5-mc-monoclonal-antibody-33d3-premium-100-ug-50-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3 (C15200081) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC),monoclonal antibody,Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation',
			'meta_description' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Monoclonal Antibody, clone 33D3  validated  in MeDIP-seq, MeDIP, DB and IF. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-05-17 10:08:33',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '2280',
			'antibody_id' => '234',
			'name' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<div data-canvas-width="124.25999999999996" style="left: 329.401px; top: 425.793px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);">Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-Carboxylcytosine (5ca-CMP monophosphate) conjugated to BSA.</div>
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Dotblot.jpg" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 1. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), a Dot Blot analysis was performed using synthetic oligonucleotides containing different modified C-bases (indicated in red). 125 and 25 ng of the respective oligo&rsquo;s were bound to a Streptavindin-coated multi-well plate. The antibody was used at a dilution of 1:1,000. The binding of antibody to the DNA was measured by ECL chemiluminescence. Figure 1 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the carboxylated cytosine. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Immunostaining.jpg" alt="Immunofluorescence" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 2. Immunofluorescence assay using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> 293T cells were transfected with either the mouse FLAG-tagged wild-type Tet1 (Tet1 CD) or the catalytically inactive FLAG-tagged C-terminal domain of Tet1 (Tet1 mCD) and stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), diluted 1:500, and with an anti-FLAG antibody, followed by DAPI counterstaining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-chip.jpg" alt="Immunoprecipitation" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 3. Immunoprecipitation using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> Immunoprecipitation was performed with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050) on 2 &mu;g of J1 ES genomic DNA, spiked with 1 pg of a control DNA fragment (approximately 700 bp from the RFP (Ring finger protein) gene) containing different cytosine modifications. The mC and hmC control DNA was generated by PCR with the corresponding nucleotide. The caC control fragment was obtained by in vitro methylation using M.SssI methyltransferase followed by oxidation with purified Tet2. The IP&rsquo;d DNA was subsequently anaysed by qPCR using primers specific for the control DNA fragments and for GAPDH, used as a negative control. Figure 3 shows the enrichment calculated as the ratio of the recovery of the control DNA versus the recovery of the GAPDH negative control. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until recently, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base (also called the Sixth base) is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. This pathway could involve further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group followed by either deformylation or decarboxylation. The carboxyl and formyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) could be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC and 5-hmC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-Carboxycytosine.</p>',
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			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410204-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'pAb-caC-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410204-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
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			'slug' => '5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug',
			'meta_title' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Immunoprecipitation,5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC),polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DB, IF and IP. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-01-17 20:11:37',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '2136',
			'antibody_id' => '440',
			'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
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			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
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			'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for Dot blotting applications',
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<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
			'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
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			'name' => 'DNA modifications',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">T</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">he pattern of <strong>DNA modifications</strong> is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. Methylation of 5-cytosine (5-mC), one of the best-studied epigenetic marks, is carried out by the <strong>DNA methyltransferases</strong> DNMT3A and B and DNMT1. DNMT3A and DNMT3B are responsible for </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">de novo</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> DNA methylation, whereas DNMT1 maintains existing methylation. 5-mC undergoes active demethylation which is performed by the <strong>Ten-Eleven Translocation</strong> (TET) familly of DNA hydroxylases. The latter consists of 3 members TET1, 2 and 3. All 3 members catalyze the conversion of <strong>5-methylcytosine</strong> (5-mC) into <strong>5-hydroxymethylcytosine</strong> (5-hmC), and further into <strong>5-formylcytosine</strong> (5-fC) and <strong>5-carboxycytosine</strong> (5-caC). 5-fC and 5-caC can be converted to unmodified cytosine by <strong>Thymine DNA Glycosylase</strong> (TDG). It is not yet clear if 5-hmC, 5-fC and 5-caC have specific functions or are simply intermediates in the demethylation of 5-mC.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">DNA methylation is generally considered as a repressive mark and is usually associated with gene silencing. It is essential that the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation is precisely maintained. Dysregulation of DNA methylation may lead to many different human diseases and is often observed in cancer cells.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode offers highly validated antibodies against different proteins involved in DNA modifications as well as against the modified bases allowing the study of all steps and intermediates in the DNA methylation/demethylation pathway:</span></p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/categories/antibodies/dna-methylation.jpg" height="599" width="816" /></p>
<p><strong>Diagenode exclusively sources the original 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody (clone 33D3).</strong></p>
<p>Check out the list below to see all proposed antibodies for DNA modifications.</p>
<p>Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal and Polyclonal antibodies for DNA Methylation. The pattern of DNA modifications is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. ',
			'meta_title' => 'DNA modifications - Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies for DNA Methylation | Diagenode',
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			'name' => 'All antibodies',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Diagenode&rsquo;s antibodies are listed below. Please, use our Quick search field to find the antibody of interest by target name, application, purity.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</span></p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
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			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode Offers Strict quality standards with Rigorous QC and validated Antibodies. Classified based on level of validation for flexibility of Application. Comprehensive selection of histone and non-histone Antibodies',
			'meta_title' => 'Diagenode's selection of Antibodies is exclusively dedicated for Epigenetic Research | Diagenode',
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			'id' => '368',
			'name' => 'Datasheet 5hmC MAb-633HMC-100',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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			'url' => 'files/products/antibodies/Datasheet_5hmC_MAb-633HMC-100.pdf',
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			'name' => 'Epigenetic Antibodies Brochure',
			'description' => '<p>More than in any other immuoprecipitation assays, quality antibodies are critical tools in many epigenetics experiments. Since 10 years, Diagenode has developed the most stringent quality production available on the market for antibodies exclusively focused on epigenetic uses. All our antibodies have been qualified to work in epigenetic applications.</p>',
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			'type' => 'Brochure',
			'url' => 'files/brochures/Epigenetic_Antibodies_Brochure.pdf',
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			'name' => 'Exclusive Highly Specific Kits Antibodies for DNA HydroxyMethylation Studies',
			'description' => '<p>Cytosine hydroxymethylation was recently discovered as an important epigenetic mechanism. This cytosine base modification results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the TET family of oxygenases. Though the precise role of 5-hmC is the subject of intense research and debate, early studies strongly indicate that it is also involved in gene regulation and in numerous important biological processes including embryonic development, cellular differentiation, stem cell reprogramming and carcinogenesis.</p>
<p>The study of 5-hmC has long been limited due to the lack of high quality, validated tools and technologies that discriminate hydroxymethylation from methylation in regulating gene expression. The use of highly specific antibodies against 5-hmC for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA offers a reliable solution for hydroxymethylation profiling.</p>
<p></p>',
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			'url' => 'files/posters/Exclusive_Highly_Specific_Kits_Antibodies_for_DNA_HydroxyMethylation_Studies_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'exclusive-highly-specific-kits-antibodies-for-dna-hydroxymethylation-studies-poster',
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			'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
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			'name' => 'Dot blot protocol for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal rat antibody',
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<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
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			'name' => 'DNMT1 regulates the timing of DNA methylation by DNMT3 in anenzymatic activity-dependent manner in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Ito Takamasa et al.',
			'description' => '<p>DNA methylation (DNAme; 5-methylcytosine, 5mC) plays an essential role in mammalian development, and the 5mC profile is regulated by a balance of opposing enzymatic activities: DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TETs). In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), de novo DNAme by DNMT3 family enzymes, demethylation by the TET-mediated conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmC), and maintenance of the remaining DNAme by DNMT1 are actively repeated throughout cell cycles, dynamically forming a constant 5mC profile. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism and physiological significance of this active cyclic DNA modification in mouse ESCs remain unclear. Here by visualizing the localization of DNA modifications on metaphase chromosomes and comparing whole-genome methylation profiles before and after the mid-S phase in ESCs lacking Dnmt1 (1KO ESCs), we demonstrated that in 1KO ESCs, DNMT3-mediated remethylation was interrupted during and after DNA replication. This results in a marked asymmetry in the distribution of 5hmC between sister chromatids at mitosis, with one chromatid being almost no 5hmC. When introduced in 1KO ESCs, the catalytically inactive form of DNMT1 (DNMT1CI) induced an increase in DNAme in pericentric heterochromatin and the DNAme-independent repression of IAPEz, a retrotransposon family, in 1KO ESCs. However, DNMT1CI could not restore the ability of DNMT3 to methylate unmodified dsDNA de novo in S phase in 1KO ESCs. Furthermore, during in vitro differentiation into epiblasts, 1KO ESCs expressing DNMT1CI showed an even stronger tendency to differentiate into the primitive endoderm than 1KO ESCs and were readily reprogrammed into the primitive streak via an epiblast-like cell state, reconfirming the importance of DNMT1 enzymatic activity at the onset of epiblast differentiation. These results indicate a novel function of DNMT1, in which DNMT1 actively regulates the timing and genomic targets of de novo methylation by DNMT3 in an enzymatic activity-dependent and independent manner, respectively.</p>',
			'date' => '2022-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'doi' => '10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'modified' => '2022-05-20 09:34:50',
			'created' => '2022-05-19 10:41:50',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '4045',
			'name' => 'Functional role of Tet-mediated RNA hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES
cells and during differentiation.',
			'authors' => 'Lan, Jie and Rajan, Nicholas and Bizet, Martin and Penning, Audrey and
Singh, Nitesh K and Guallar, Diana and Calonne, Emilie and Li Greci, Andrea
and Bonvin, Elise and Deplus, Rachel and Hsu, Phillip J and Nachtergaele,
Sigrid and Ma, Chengjie and Song, ',
			'description' => 'Tet-enzyme-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines in DNA plays a
crucial role in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In RNA also,
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) has recently been evidenced, but its
physiological roles are still largely unknown. Here we show the
contribution and function of this mark in mouse ESCs and differentiating
embryoid bodies. Transcriptome-wide mapping in ESCs reveals hundreds of
messenger RNAs marked by 5hmC at sites characterized by a defined unique
consensus sequence and particular features. During differentiation a large
number of transcripts, including many encoding key pluripotency-related
factors (such as Eed and Jarid2), show decreased cytosine
hydroxymethylation. Using Tet-knockout ESCs, we find Tet enzymes to be
partly responsible for deposition of 5hmC in mRNA. A transcriptome-wide
search further reveals mRNA targets to which Tet1 and Tet2 bind, at sites
showing a topology similar to that of 5hmC sites. Tet-mediated RNA
hydroxymethylation is found to reduce the stability of crucial
pluripotency-promoting transcripts. We propose that RNA cytosine
5-hydroxymethylation by Tets is a mark of transcriptome flexibility,
inextricably linked to the balance between pluripotency and lineage
commitment.',
			'date' => '2020-10-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33009383',
			'doi' => '10.1038/s41467-020-18729-6',
			'modified' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'created' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '3660',
			'name' => 'Global distribution of DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA methylation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.',
			'authors' => 'Wernig-Zorc S, Yadav MP, Kopparapu PK, Bemark M, Kristjansdottir HL, Andersson PO, Kanduri C, Kanduri M',
			'description' => '<p>BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been a good model system to understand the functional role of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in cancer progression. More recently, an oxidized form of 5-mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has gained lot of attention as a regulatory epigenetic modification with prognostic and diagnostic implications for several cancers. However, there is no global study exploring the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels in CLL. Herein, using mass spectrometry and hMeDIP-sequencing, we analysed the dynamics of 5-hmC during B cell maturation and CLL pathogenesis. RESULTS: We show that na&iuml;ve B-cells had higher levels of 5-hmC and 5-mC compared to non-class switched and class-switched memory B-cells. We found a significant decrease in global 5-mC levels in CLL patients (n&thinsp;=&thinsp;15) compared to na&iuml;ve and memory B cells, with no changes detected between the CLL prognostic groups. On the other hand, global 5-hmC levels of CLL patients were similar to memory B cells and reduced compared to na&iuml;ve B cells. Interestingly, 5-hmC levels were increased at regulatory regions such as gene-body, CpG island shores and shelves and 5-hmC distribution over the gene-body positively correlated with degree of transcriptional activity. Importantly, CLL samples showed aberrant 5-hmC and 5-mC pattern over gene-body compared to well-defined patterns in normal B-cells. Integrated analysis of 5-hmC and RNA-sequencing from CLL datasets identified three novel oncogenic drivers that could have potential roles in CLL development and progression. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, our study suggests that the global loss of 5-hmC, accompanied by its significant increase at the gene regulatory regions, constitute a novel hallmark of CLL pathogenesis. Our combined analysis of 5-mC and 5-hmC sequencing provided insights into the potential role of 5-hmC in modulating gene expression changes during CLL pathogenesis.</p>',
			'date' => '2019-01-07',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.gov/30616658',
			'doi' => '10.1186/s13072‑018‑0252‑7',
			'modified' => '2019-07-01 11:46:16',
			'created' => '2019-06-21 14:55:31',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '2992',
			'name' => 'Regulation of the DNA Methylation Landscape in Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming by the miR-29 Family',
			'authors' => 'Hysolli E et al.',
			'description' => 'Reprogramming to pluripotency after overexpression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC is accompanied by global genomic and epigenomic changes. Histone modification and DNA methylation states in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been shown to be highly similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, epigenetic differences still exist between iPSCs and ESCs. In particular, aberrant DNA methylation states found in iPSCs are a major concern when using iPSCs in a clinical setting. Thus, it is critical to find factors that regulate DNA methylation states in reprogramming. Here, we found that the miR-29 family is an important epigenetic regulator during human somatic cell reprogramming. Our global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation analysis shows that DNA demethylation is a major event mediated by miR-29a depletion during early reprogramming, and that iPSCs derived from miR-29a depletion are epigenetically closer to ESCs. Our findings uncover an important miRNA-based approach to generate clinically robust iPSCs.',
			'date' => '2016-07-12',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373925',
			'doi' => '10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.014',
			'modified' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'created' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '2811',
			'name' => 'Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F.',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://pubmed.gov/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'created' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '3750',
			'name' => 'RNA biochemistry. Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine.',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.org/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2019-10-03 12:29:05',
			'created' => '2019-10-02 16:16:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2613',
			'name' => 'CpG signalling, H2A.Z/H3 acetylation and microRNA-mediated deferred self-attenuation orchestrate foetal NOS3 expression.',
			'authors' => 'Postberg J, Kanders M, Forcob S, Willems R, Orth V, Hensel KO, Weil PP, Wirth S, Jenke AC',
			'description' => 'BACKGROUND: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to permanent physiological changes including vascular tone regulation, potentially influencing the risk for adult vascular diseases. We therefore aimed to monitor responsive NOS3 expression in human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) and to study the underlying epigenetic signatures involved in its regulation. RESULTS: NOS3 and STAT3 mRNA levels were elevated in HUAEC of patients who suffered from placental insufficiency. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, H3K9ac and Histone 2A (H2A).Zac at the NOS3 transcription start site directly correlated with NOS3 mRNA levels. Concomitantly, we observed entangled histone acetylation patterns and NOS3 response upon hypoxic conditions in vitro. Knock-down of either NOS3 or STAT3 by RNAi provided evidence for a functional NOS3/STAT3 relationship. Moreover, we recognized massive turnover of Stat3 at a discrete binding site in the NOS3 promoter. Interestingly, induced hyperacetylation resulted in short-termed increase of NOS3 mRNA followed by deferred decrease indicating that NOS3 expression could become self-attenuated by co-expressed intronic 27 nt-ncRNA. Reporter assay results and phylogenetic analyses enabled us to propose a novel model for STAT3-3'-UTR targeting by this 27-nt-ncRNA. CONCLUSIONS: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to adaptive changes of NOS3 expression. Apparently, a rapid NOS3 self-limiting response upon ectopic triggers co-exists with longer termed expression changes in response to placental insufficiency involving differential epigenetic signatures. Their persistence might contribute to impaired vascular endothelial response and consequently increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.',
			'date' => '2015-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25699114',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '2348',
			'name' => 'White matter tract and glial-associated changes in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.',
			'authors' => 'Tsenkina Y, Ruzov A, Gliddon C, Horsburgh K, De Sousa PA',
			'description' => 'White matter abnormalities due to age-related cerebrovascular alterations is a common pathological hallmark associated with functional impairment in the elderly which has been modeled in chronically hypoperfused mice. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are DNA modifications that have been recently linked with age-related neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology. Here we conducted a pilot investigation of whether chronic cerebral hypoperfusion might affect genomic distribution of these modifications and/ or a Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) which catalyses hydroxymethylation in white and grey matter regions of this animal model. Immunohistochemical evaluation of sham and chronically hypoperfused mice a month after surgery revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the proportion of 5hmC positive cells, Iba1 positive inflammatory microglia, and NG2 positive oligodendroglial progenitors in the hypoperfused corpus callosum. In the same white matter tract there was an absence of hypoperfusion-induced alterations in the proportion of 5mC, TET2 positive cells and CC1 positive mature oligodrendrocytes. Correlation analysis across animals within both treatment groups demonstrated a significant association of the elevated 5hmC levels with increases in the proportion of inflammatory microglia only (p=0.01) in the corpus callosum. In vitro studies revealed that 5hmC is lost during oligodendroglial maturation but not microglial activation. Additionally, TET1, TET2, and TET3 protein levels showed dynamic alterations during oligodendroglial development and following oxidative stress in vitro. Our study suggests that 5hmC exhibits white matter tract and cell type specific dynamics following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.',
			'date' => '2014-10-10',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305569',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '994',
			'name' => 'Tet2 Facilitates the Derepression of Myeloid Target Genes during CEBPα-Induced Transdifferentiation of Pre-B Cells.',
			'authors' => 'Kallin EM, Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Christensen J, Cimmino L, Aifantis I, Helin K, Ballestar E, Graf T',
			'description' => 'The methylcytosine hydroxylase Tet2 has been implicated in hematopoietic differentiation and the formation of myeloid malignancies when mutated. An ideal system to study the role of Tet2 in myelopoeisis is CEBPα-induced transdifferentiation of pre-B cells into macrophages. Here we found that CEBPα binds to upstream regions of Tet2 and that the gene becomes activated. Tet2 knockdowns impaired the upregulation of macrophage markers as well as phagocytic capacity, suggesting that the enzyme is required for both early and late stage myeloid differentiation. A slightly weaker effect was seen in primary cells with a Tet2 ablation. Expression arrays of transdifferentiating cells with Tet2 knockdowns permitted the identification of a small subset of myeloid genes whose upregulation was blunted. Activation of these target genes was accompanied by rapid increases of promoter hydroxy-methylation. Our observations indicate that Tet2 helps CEBPα rapidly derepress myeloid genes during the conversion of pre-B cells into macrophages.',
			'date' => '2012-09-12',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981865',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '149',
			'name' => 'Lineage-specific distribution of high levels of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian development.',
			'authors' => 'Ruzov A, Tsenkina Y, Serio A, Dudnakova T, Fletcher J, Bai Y, Chebotareva T, Pells S, Hannoun Z, Sullivan G, Chandran S, Hay DC, Bradley M, Wilmut I, De Sousa P',
			'description' => 'Methylation of cytosine is a DNA modification associated with gene repression. Recently, a novel cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been discovered. Here we examine 5-hmC distribution during mammalian development and in cellular systems, and show that the developmental dynamics of 5-hmC are different from those of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC); in particular 5-hmC is enriched in embryonic contexts compared to adult tissues. A detectable 5-hmC signal appears in pre-implantation development starting at the zygote stage, where the paternal genome is subjected to a genome-wide hydroxylation of 5-mC, which precisely coincides with the loss of the 5-mC signal in the paternal pronucleus. Levels of 5-hmC are high in cells of the inner cell mass in blastocysts, and the modification colocalises with nestin-expressing cell populations in mouse post-implantation embryos. Compared to other adult mammalian organs, 5-hmC is strongly enriched in bone marrow and brain, wherein high 5-hmC content is a feature of both neuronal progenitors and post-mitotic neurons. We show that high levels of 5-hmC are not only present in mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and lost during differentiation, as has been reported previously, but also reappear during the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells; thus 5-hmC enrichment correlates with a pluripotent cell state. Our findings suggest that apart from the cells of neuronal lineages, high levels of genomic 5-hmC are an epigenetic feature of embryonic cell populations and cellular pluri- and multi-lineage potency. To our knowledge, 5-hmC represents the first epigenetic modification of DNA discovered whose enrichment is so cell-type specific.',
			'date' => '2011-09-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747414',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '361',
			'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
			'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
			'date' => '2011-04-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		'id' => '2032',
		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) (sample size)',
		'description' => '<p><span>5-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
		'label1' => 'Validation Data',
		'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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		'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-20',
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		'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)   validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
		'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:06',
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	(int) 1 => array(
		'id' => '2034',
		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
		'label1' => 'Validation Data',
		'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
		'label2' => '',
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		'label3' => '',
		'info3' => '',
		'format' => '100 µg',
		'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
		'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-100',
		'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
		'type' => 'FRE',
		'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
		'price_EUR' => '500',
		'price_USD' => '500',
		'price_GBP' => '450',
		'price_JPY' => '78325',
		'price_CNY' => '',
		'price_AUD' => '1250',
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		'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-100-ug-64-ul',
		'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
		'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:18',
		'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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)
$pro = array(
	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
	'label2' => '',
	'info2' => '',
	'label3' => '',
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	'format' => '100 µg',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
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'
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	'id' => '2136',
	'antibody_id' => '440',
	'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
	'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
	'label2' => 'Target description',
	'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
	'label3' => '',
	'info3' => '',
	'format' => '100 µl',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15310200',
	'old_catalog_number' => '',
	'sf_code' => 'C15310200-D001-001161',
	'type' => 'FRE',
	'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
	'price_EUR' => '380',
	'price_USD' => '380',
	'price_GBP' => '340',
	'price_JPY' => '59525',
	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '950',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'Japan',
	'quote' => false,
	'in_stock' => false,
	'featured' => false,
	'no_promo' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'master' => true,
	'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
	'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
	'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
	'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2023-01-30 14:16:16',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsRelated' => array(
		'id' => '3801',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'related_id' => '2136'
	),
	'Image' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '250',
			'name' => 'product/antibodies/antibody.png',
			'alt' => 'Mouse IgG',
			'modified' => '2020-11-27 07:00:09',
			'created' => '2015-07-17 10:12:18',
			'ProductsImage' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$rrbs_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 1894,
	(int) 1 => (int) 1895
)
$chipseq_service = array(
	(int) 0 => (int) 2683,
	(int) 1 => (int) 1835,
	(int) 2 => (int) 1836,
	(int) 3 => (int) 2684,
	(int) 4 => (int) 1838,
	(int) 5 => (int) 1839,
	(int) 6 => (int) 1856
)
$labelize = object(Closure) {
	
}
$old_catalog_number = ' <span style="color:#CCC">(MAb-633HMC-100)</span>'
$country_code = 'US'
$other_format = array(
	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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	'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
	'type' => 'FRE',
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	'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
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<div class="section">
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	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
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	'in_footer' => false,
	'in_menu' => false,
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	'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
	'locale' => 'eng'
)
$description = '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>'
$name = 'ELISA'
$document = array(
	'id' => '11',
	'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
	'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
	'image_id' => null,
	'type' => 'Poster',
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	'name' => '5-hmC antibody rat SDS ES es',
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	'url' => 'files/SDS/5-hmC/SDS-C15220001-5-hydroxymethylcytosine_5-hmC_Antibody_rat_-ES-es-GHS_2_0.pdf',
	'countries' => 'ES',
	'modified' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'created' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
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	'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
	'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
	'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
	'date' => '2011-04-01',
	'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
	'doi' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
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$externalLink = ' <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></a>'
include - APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
ProductsController::slug() - APP/Controller/ProductsController.php, line 1052
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 491
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118

Notice (8): Undefined variable: campaign_id [APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755]
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	'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
	'meta_title' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
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			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
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			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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			'meta_keywords' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-hmC, 5-mC,monoclonal antibody ,Diagenode',
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			'description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).

Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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			'lot' => '002',
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			'reactivity' => 'Human, mouse, other (wide range)',
			'type' => 'Monoclonal',
			'purity' => 'Affinity purified',
			'classification' => 'Classic',
			'application_table' => '<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Applications</th>
<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
</tr>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
</tr>
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</table>',
			'storage_conditions' => '',
			'storage_buffer' => '',
			'precautions' => 'This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.',
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			'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
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		'antibody_id' => '59',
		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
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<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
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<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
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<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
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<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
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<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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		'name' => '5-hmC monoclonal antibody (rat)',
		'description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).

Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.

Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.',
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		'isotype' => 'IgG2a',
		'lot' => '002',
		'concentration' => '1 &micro;g/&micro;l',
		'reactivity' => 'Human, mouse, other (wide range)',
		'type' => 'Monoclonal',
		'purity' => 'Affinity purified',
		'classification' => 'Classic',
		'application_table' => '<table>
<thead>
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<th>Suggested dilution</th>
<th>References</th>
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<td>hMeDIP</td>
<td>2.5 &mu;g/IP</td>
<td>Fig 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELISA</td>
<td>1:1,000</td>
<td>Fig 2</td>
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<tr>
<td>Dot Blotting</td>
<td>1:500 (4 &mu;g/ml)</td>
<td>Fig 3, 4</td>
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</table>',
		'storage_conditions' => '',
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		'modified' => '2017-12-21 12:20:22',
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			'antibody_id' => '59',
			'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
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<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="375" height="274" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="190" height="192" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="115" height="232" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-6 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br />200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA. This results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. So far, the 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells).</p>
<p>Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics : 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine and, as such open up entirely new perspectives in epigenetic studies.</p>
<p>Due to the structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC, these bases are experimentally almost indistinguishable. Recent articles demonstrated that the most common approaches (e.g. enzymatic approaches, bisulfite sequencing) do not account for 5-hmC. The development of the affinity-based technologies appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. The results shown here illustrate the use of this unique monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine that has been fully validated in various technologies.</p>',
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
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		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '1880',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MagMeDIP Kit',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/magmedip-kit-manual-C02010020-21.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center></center><center></center><center></center><center><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/banners/banner-nature-publication-580.png" alt="Click here to read more about MeDIP " caption="false" width="80%" /></a></center></div>
<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns">
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes<br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429608" target="_blank">Read the publication</a></h3>
<h3 class="c-article-title u-h1" data-test="article-title" itemprop="name headline" style="text-align: justify;">Preparation of cfMeDIP-seq libraries for methylome profiling of plasma cell-free DNA<br /><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-019-0202-2" target="_blank" title="cfMeDIP-seq Nature Method">Read the method</a></h3>
</div>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-4 large-4 columns"><center>
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<div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns"><br />
<p>Perform <strong>MeDIP</strong> (<strong>Me</strong>thylated <strong>D</strong>NA <strong>I</strong>mmuno<strong>p</strong>recipitation) followed by qPCR or NGS to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using a highly sensitive 5-methylcytosine antibody. Our MagMeDIP kit contains high quality reagents to get the highest enrichment of methylated DNA with an optimized user-friendly protocol.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3><span>Features</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Starting DNA amount: <strong>10 ng &ndash; 1 &micro;g</strong></li>
<li>Content: <strong>all reagents included</strong> for DNA extraction, immunoprecipitation (including the 5-mC antibody, spike-in controls and their corresponding qPCR primer pairs) as well as DNA isolation after IP.</li>
<li>Application: <strong>qPCR</strong> and <strong>NGS</strong></li>
<li>Robust method, <strong>superior enrichment</strong>, and easy-to-use protocol</li>
<li><strong>High reproducibility</strong> between replicates and repetitive experiments</li>
<li>Compatible with <strong>all species&nbsp;</strong></li>
</ul>',
			'label1' => 'MagMeDIP workflow',
			'info1' => '<p>DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).</p>
<h3><span>How it works</span></h3>
<p>In brief, after the cell collection and lysis, the genomic DNA is extracted, sheared, and then denatured. In the next step the antibody directed against 5 methylcytosine and antibody binding beads are used for immunoselection and immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA fragments. Then, the IP&rsquo;d methylated DNA is isolated and can be used for any subsequent analysis as qPCR, amplification, hybridization on microarrays or next generation sequencing.</p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MagMeDIP-workflow.png" width="70%" alt="5-methylcytosine" caption="false" /></center>
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			'label2' => 'MeDIP-qPCR',
			'info2' => '<p>The kit MagMeDIP contains all reagents necessary for a complete MeDIP-qPCR workflow. Two MagMeDIP protocols have been validated: for manual processing as well as for automated processing, using the Diagenode&rsquo;s IP-Star Compact Automated System (please refer to the kit manual).</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Complete kit</strong> including DNA extraction module, IP antibody and reagents, DNA isolation buffer</li>
<li><strong>Quality control of the IP:</strong> due to methylated and unmethylated DNA spike-in controls and their associated qPCR primers</li>
<li><strong>Easy to use</strong> with user-friendly magnetic beads and rack</li>
<li><strong>Highly validated protocol</strong></li>
<li>Automated protocol supplied</li>
</ul>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/fig1-magmedipkit.png" width="85%" alt="Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation" caption="false" /></center>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><em><strong>Figure 1.</strong> Immunoprecipitation results obtained with Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit</em></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;">MeDIP assays were performed manually using 1 &micro;g or 50 ng gDNA from blood cells with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode). The IP was performed with the Methylated and Unmethylated spike-in controls included in the kit, together with the human DNA samples. The DNA was isolated/purified using DIB. Afterwards, qPCR was performed using the primer pairs included in this kit.</p>
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			'label3' => 'MeDIP-seq',
			'info3' => '<p>For DNA methylation analysis on the whole genome, MagMeDIP kit can be coupled with Next-Generation Sequencing. To perform MeDIP-sequencing we recommend the following strategy:</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Choose a library preparation solution which is compatible with the starting amount of DNA you are planning to use (from 10 ng to 1 &mu;g). It can be a home-made solution or a commercial one.</li>
<li>Choose the indexing system that fits your needs considering the following features:</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Single-indexing, combinatorial dual-indexing or unique dual-indexing</li>
<li>Number of barcodes</li>
<li>Full-length adaptors containing the barcodes or barcoding at the final amplification step</li>
<li>Presence / absence of Unique Molecular Identifiers (for PCR duplicates removal)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<li>Standard library preparation protocols are compatible with double-stranded DNA only, therefore the first steps of the library preparation (end repair, A-tailing, adaptor ligation and clean-up) will have to be performed on sheared DNA, before the IP.</li>
</ul>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong>CAUTION:</strong> As the immunoprecipitation step occurs at the middle of the library preparation workflow, single-tube solutions for library preparation are usually not compatible with MeDIP-sequencing.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For DNA isolation after the IP, we recommend using the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/ipure-kit-v2-x24" title="IPure kit v2">IPure kit v2</a> (available separately, Cat. No. C03010014) instead of DNA isolation Buffer.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Perform library amplification after the DNA isolation following the standard protocol of the chosen library preparation solution.</li>
</ul>
<h3><span>MeDIP-seq workflow</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/MeDIP-seq-workflow.png" width="110%" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit x10 workflow" caption="false" /></center>
<h3><span>Example of results</span></h3>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-specificity.png" alt="MagMeDIP qPCR Kit Result" caption="false" width="951" height="488" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 1. qPCR analysis of external spike-in DNA controls (methylated and unmethylated) after IP.</strong> Samples were prepared using 1&mu;g &ndash; 100ng -10ng sheared human gDNA with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-saturation-analysis.png" alt=" MagMeDIP kit " caption="false" width="951" height="461" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 2. Saturation analysis.</strong> Clean reads were aligned to the human genome (hg19) using Burrows-Wheeler aligner (BWA) algorithm after which duplicated and unmapped reads were removed resulting in a mapping efficiency &gt;98% for all samples. Quality and validity check of the mapped MeDIP-seq data was performed using MEDIPS R package. Saturation plots show that all sets of reads have sufficient complexity and depth to saturate the coverage profile of the reference genome and that this is reproducible between replicates and repetitive experiments (data shown for 50 ng gDNA input: left panel = replicate a, right panel = replicate b).</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/medip-libraries-prep.png" alt="MagMeDIP x10 " caption="false" width="951" height="708" /></center>
<p></p>
<p style="font-size: 0.9em;"><strong>Figure 3. Sequencing profiles of MeDIP-seq libraries prepared from different starting amounts of sheared gDNA on the positive and negative methylated control regions.</strong> MeDIP-seq libraries were prepared from decreasing starting amounts of gDNA (1 &mu;g (green), 50 ng (red), and 10ng (blue)) originating from human blood with the MagMeDIP kit (Diagenode) and a commercially available library prep kit. DNA isolation after IP has been performed with IPure kit V2 (Diagenode). IP and corresponding INPUT samples were sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq SP with 2x50 PE reads. The reads were mapped to the human genome (hg19) with bwa and the alignments were loaded into IGV (the tracks use an identical scale). The top IGV figure shows the TSH2B (also known as H2BC1) gene (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The TSH2B gene is coding for a histone variant that does not occur in blood cells, and it is known to be silenced by methylation. Accordingly, we see a high coverage in the vicinity of this gene. The bottom IGV figure shows the GADPH locus (marked by blue boxes in the bottom track) and its surroundings. The GADPH gene is a highly active transcription region and should not be methylated, resulting in no reads accumulation following MeDIP-seq experiment.</p>
<p></p>
<ul>
<ul>
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			'format' => '48 rxns (IP)',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010021',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'mc-magme-048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02010021-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '745',
			'price_USD' => '750',
			'price_GBP' => '680',
			'price_JPY' => '116705',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1875',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'slug' => 'magmedip-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MagMeDIP Kit for efficient immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Perform Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) to estimate DNA methylation status of your sample using highly specific 5-mC antibody. This kit allows the preparation  of cfMeDIP-seq libraries.',
			'modified' => '2023-07-06 14:15:10',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
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		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '1887',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'MethylCap kit',
			'description' => '<p>The MethylCap kit allows to specifically capture DNA fragments containing methylated CpGs. The assay is based on the affinity purification of methylated DNA using methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) of human MeCP2 protein. The procedure has been adapted to both manual process or <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/sx-8g-ip-star-compact-automated-system-1-unit">IP-Star&reg; Compact Automated System</a>. Libraries of captured methylated DNA can be prepared for next-generation sequencing (NGS) by combining MBD technology with the <a href="https://www.diagenode.com/en/p/microplex-lib-prep-kit-v3-48-rxns">MicroPlex Library Preparation Kit v3</a>.</p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Fast &amp; sensitive capture</strong> of methylated DNA</li>
<li><strong>High capture efficiency</strong></li>
<li><strong>Differential fractionation</strong> of methylated DNA by CpG density (3 eluted fractions)</li>
<li><strong>On-day protocol</strong></li>
<li><strong>NGS compatibility</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>MBD-seq allows for detection of genomic regions with different CpG density</h3>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/kits/mbd_results1.png" alt="MBD-sequencing results have been validated by bisulfite sequencing" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong><strong>F</strong><strong>igure 1.</strong> Using the MBD approach, two methylated regions were detected in different elution fractions according to their methylated CpG density (A). Low, Medium and High refer to the sequenced DNA from different elution fractions with increasing salt concentration. Methylated patterns of these two different methylated regions were validated by bisulfite conversion assay (B).</p>',
			'label2' => '',
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			'format' => '48 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02020010',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'AF-100-0048',
			'sf_code' => 'C02020010-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '740',
			'price_USD' => '695',
			'price_GBP' => '675',
			'price_JPY' => '115920',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1738',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'methylcap-kit-x48-48-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'MethylCap kit x48',
			'modified' => '2024-11-21 06:38:46',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '1892',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/Premium_Bisulfite_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Make your Bisulfite conversion now in only 60 minutes !</strong></p>
<p>Diagenode's Premium Bisulfite Kit rapidly converts DNA through bisulfite treatment. Our conversion reagent is added directly to DNA, requires no intermediate steps, and results in high yields of DNA ready for downstream analysis methods including PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing.</p>',
			'label1' => '',
			'info1' => '',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02030030',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C02030030-',
			'type' => 'REF',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '255',
			'price_USD' => '240',
			'price_GBP' => '230',
			'price_JPY' => '39945',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '600',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
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			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'premium-bisulfite-kit-50-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'Premium Bisulfite kit',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:13:50',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '1882',
			'antibody_id' => null,
			'name' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'description' => '<p><a href="https://www.diagenode.com/files/products/kits/hMeDIP_kit_manual.pdf"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/buttons/bt-manual.png" /></a></p>
<p><span>The hMeDIP kit is designed for enrichment of hydroxymethylated DNA from fragmented&nbsp;genomic DNA<span><span>&nbsp;</span>samples for use in genome-wide methylation analysis. It features</span></span><span>&nbsp;a highly specific monoclonal antibody against&nbsp;</span>5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA<span>. It includes&nbsp;control DNA and primers to assess the effiency of the assay.&nbsp;</span>Performing hydroxymethylation profiling with the hMeDIP kit is fast,&nbsp;reliable and&nbsp;highly specific.</p>
<p><em>Looking for hMeDIP-seq protocol? <a href="https://go.diagenode.com/l/928883/2022-01-07/2m1ht" target="_blank" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></em></p>
<p><span></span></p>
<p><span></span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Characteristics',
			'info1' => '<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><span>Robust enrichment &amp; immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA</span></li>
<li>Highly specific monoclonal antibody against 5-hmC<span>&nbsp;for reliable, reproducible results</span></li>
<li>Including&nbsp;control DNA and primers to&nbsp;<span>monitor the&nbsp;efficiency of the assay</span>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>hmeDNA and unmethylated DNA sequences and primer pairs</li>
<li>Mouse primer pairs against Sfi1 targeting hydroxymethylated gene in mouse</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Improved single-tube, magnetic bead-based protocol</li>
</ul>',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '16 rxns',
			'catalog_number' => 'C02010031',
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			'sf_code' => 'C02010031-',
			'type' => 'RFR',
			'search_order' => '04-undefined',
			'price_EUR' => '630',
			'price_USD' => '690',
			'price_GBP' => '580',
			'price_JPY' => '98690',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1725',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
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			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'hmedip-kit-x16-monoclonal-mouse-antibody-16-rxns',
			'meta_title' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'hMeDIP kit x16 (monoclonal mouse antibody)',
			'modified' => '2023-04-20 16:12:48',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '2362',
			'antibody_id' => '428',
			'name' => 'TET2 Antibody',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against <strong>TET2 (tet oncogene family member 2)</strong>, using a recombinant protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig4.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody ChIP Grade" width="284" height="208" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 1. TET2 ChIP results</strong><br /> ChIP was performed with U2OS chromatin extract and 5 &mu;g of either control rabbit IgG or TET2 antibody. The precipitated DNA was detected by PCR with primer set targeting to CCND2. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig1.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunoprecipitates" width="284" height="345" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 2. TET2 IP results</strong> TET2 antibody immunoprecipitates TET2 protein in IP experiments. IP samples: 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of TET2-transfected 293T cells. A. Control with 3 &mu;g of preimmune Rabbit IgG B. Immunoprecipitation of TET2 protein by 3 &mu;g TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) 5 % SDS-PAGE The immunoprecipitated TET2 protein was detected by TET2 antibody diluted 1:3,000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig2.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Immunofluorescent" width="284" height="112" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 3. TET2 IF results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein in the nucleus by immunofluorescent analysis. Sample: HeLa cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 15 min. Green: TET2 protein stained by TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) diluted 1:500. Blue: Hoechst 33342 staining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410255-TET2-Fig3.jpg" alt="TET2 Antibody validated in Western Blot" width="150" height="258" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Figure 4. TET2 Western blot results</strong> TET2 antibody detects TET2 protein by Western blot analysis. A. 30 &mu;g 293T whole cell extract B. 30 &mu;g whole cell extract of human TET2-transfected 293T cells 5 % SDS-PAGE TET2 antibody (Cat. No. C15410255) dilution: 1:5000. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET2 (UniProt/Swiss-Prot entry Q6N021) is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). 5-hmC has been recently discovered in mammalian DNA and is abundant in Purkinje neurons, granule cells, embryonic stem cells, and brain tissue, especially in areas that are associated with higher cognitive function. Although its precise role has still to be shown, recent studies indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. Mutations in TET2 have been associated with myeloproliferative diseases such as essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 μl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410255-100',
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			'sf_code' => 'C15410255-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '395',
			'price_USD' => '410',
			'price_GBP' => '345',
			'price_JPY' => '61875',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '1025',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet2-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET2 Antibody - ChIP Grade (C15410255) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET2 (Tet oncogene family member 2) Polyclonal Antibody validated  in ChIP-qPCR, IP, WB and IF.',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:05:23',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2429',
			'antibody_id' => '429',
			'name' => 'TET3 Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3), using 4 KLH-conjugated synthetic peptides containing sequences from different parts of the protein.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-ELISA.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="301" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. Determination of the antibody titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of Diagenode antibody directed against mouse TET3 (cat. No. C15410311). The plates were coated with the peptides used for immunization of the rabbit. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:20,300.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="167" width="123" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 2. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br />Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:1,000 in TBS-Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410311-WB2.jpg" alt="Western blot" height="185" width="142" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small> <strong>Figure 3. Western blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against TET3</strong><br /> Whole cell extracts (25 &mu;g) from Jurkat cells were analysed by Western blot using the Diagenode antibody against TET3 (cat. No. C15410311) diluted 1:200 in TBS- Tween containing 5% skimmed milk. Lane 2 shows the results after incubation of the antibody with the immunizing peptides. The position of the protein of interest is indicated on the right; the marker (in kDa) is shown on the left.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>TET3 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O43151) is a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) gene family which play a role in the DNA methylation process. It catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) which is the first step in demethylation of the DNA. TET3 may therefore play an important role in gene activation and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Diseases associated with TET3 include acute myeloid leukemia.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '50 μg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410311',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410311-D001-000581',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '260',
			'price_USD' => '260',
			'price_GBP' => '245',
			'price_JPY' => '40730',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '650',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => 'tet3-polyclonal-antibody-pioneer-50-mg',
			'meta_title' => 'TET3 Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => 'TET3 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 3) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in WB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. ',
			'modified' => '2022-01-05 16:06:44',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '1980',
			'antibody_id' => '630',
			'name' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3',
			'description' => '<p><span>Monoclonal antibody raised in mouse against&nbsp;</span><b>5-mC</b><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(</span><b>5-methylcytosine</b><span>) conjugated to ovalbumine (</span><b>33D3 clone</b><span>).</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-A.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="173" /></p>
<p class="text-center"><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_ChIPSeq-B.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP-seq" caption="false" width="886" height="184" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. MeDIP-seq with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> Genomic DNA from E14 ES cells was sheared with the Bioruptor&reg; to generate random fragments (size range 300 to 700 bp). One &micro;g of the fragmented DNA was ligated to Illumina adapters and the resulting DNA was used for a standard MeDIP assay, using 2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081). After recovery of the methylated DNA, Illumina sequencing libraries were generated and sequenced on an Illumina Genome Analyzer according to the manufacturer&rsquo;s instructions. Figure 1A and 1B show Genome browser views of CA simple repeat elements with read distributions specific for 5-mC at 2 gene locations (SigleC15 and Mfsd4). Visual inspection of the peak profiles in a genome browser reveals high enrichment of CA simple repeats in affinity-enriched methylated fragments after MeDIP with the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-5 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_medip.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in MeDIP" caption="false" width="355" height="372" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-7 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. MeDIP results obtained with the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br /> MeDIP (Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation) was performed on 1 &micro;g fragmented human genomic DNA using 0.2 &micro;g of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081) and the MagMeDIP Kit (cat. No. C02010021). The fragmented DNA was spiked with the internal controls present in the kit (methylated DNA (meDNA) as a positive and unmethylated DNA (unDNA) as a negative control) prior to performing the IP. QPCR was performed with optimized primer sets, included in the kit, specific for the methylated and unmethylated DNA controls, and for a known methylated (TSH2B) and unmethylated (GAPDH) genomic region. Figure 2 shows the recovery expressed as a % of input (the relative amount of immunoprecipitated DNA compared to input DNA after qPCR analysis).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_Dotblot.png" alt=" 5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody validated in dot blot" caption="false" width="201" height="196" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (cat. No. C15200081), a Dot blot analysis was performed using the hmC, mC and C controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (cat. No. C02040010). One hundred to 4 ng (equivalent of 5 to 0.2 pmol of C-bases) of the controls were spotted on a membrane. Figure 3 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the methylated control.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_IF1.png" alt="5-mC (5-methylcytosine) Antibody for immunofluorescence" height="121" width="500" caption="false" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 4. Immunofluorescence using the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />HeLa cells were stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-mC (Cat. No. C15200081) and with DAPI. Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10&rsquo; and blocked with PBS/TX-100 containing 1% BSA. The cells were immunofluorescently labelled with the 5-mC antibody (middle) diluted 1:500 in blocking solution followed by an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to Alexa594. The left panel shows staining of the nuclei with DAPI. A merge of the two stainings is shown on the right.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<!--
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns"><center><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15200081_SPR.png" alt="5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody" surface="" plasmon="" resonance="" caption="false" width="700" height="372" /></center></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 5. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-mC</strong><br />A synthesized biotin-labeled 5-mC conjugate was immobilized on a CM4 BIAcore sensorchip (GE Healthcare, France). Briefly, two flowcells were prepared by sequential injections of EDC/NHS, streptavidin, and ethanolamine. One of these flowcells served as negative control (biotinylated spacer without 5-mC), while biotinylated 5-mC conjugate was injected in the other one, to get an immobilization level of 55 response units (RU). All SPR experiments were performed, using HBS-N buffer (10 mM HEPES,150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), at a flow rate of 5 &micro;l/min. Interaction assays involved injections of 2 different dilutions of the Diagenode 5-mC monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. C15200081) over the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate and negative control surfaces, followed by a 3 min washing step with HBS-N buffer to allow dissociation of the complexes formed. At the end of each cycle, the streptavidin surface was regenerated by injection of 0.1M citric acid (pH=3).</small></p>
<p><small>The sensorgrams correspond to the biotinylated 5-mC conjugate surface signal subtracted with the negative control. Data from the sensorgrams that reached binding equilibrium were used for Scatchard analysis. The value of the dissociation constant (kd) obtained by global fitting and 1:1 Langmuir model is 65 nM.</small></p>
</div>
</div>-->',
			'label2' => '',
			'info2' => '',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15200081-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-081-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15200081-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '505',
			'price_USD' => '575',
			'price_GBP' => '450',
			'price_JPY' => '79110',
			'price_CNY' => '0',
			'price_AUD' => '1438',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => 'October 27, 2020',
			'slug' => '5-mc-monoclonal-antibody-33d3-premium-100-ug-50-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3 (C15200081) | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC),monoclonal antibody,Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation',
			'meta_description' => '5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Monoclonal Antibody, clone 33D3  validated  in MeDIP-seq, MeDIP, DB and IF. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-05-17 10:08:33',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '2280',
			'antibody_id' => '234',
			'name' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<div data-canvas-width="124.25999999999996" style="left: 329.401px; top: 425.793px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);">Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-Carboxylcytosine (5ca-CMP monophosphate) conjugated to BSA.</div>
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-3 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Dotblot.jpg" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-9 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 1. Dot blot analysis using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> To demonstrate the specificity of the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), a Dot Blot analysis was performed using synthetic oligonucleotides containing different modified C-bases (indicated in red). 125 and 25 ng of the respective oligo&rsquo;s were bound to a Streptavindin-coated multi-well plate. The antibody was used at a dilution of 1:1,000. The binding of antibody to the DNA was measured by ECL chemiluminescence. Figure 1 shows a high specificity of the antibody for the carboxylated cytosine. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-Immunostaining.jpg" alt="Immunofluorescence" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 2. Immunofluorescence assay using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> 293T cells were transfected with either the mouse FLAG-tagged wild-type Tet1 (Tet1 CD) or the catalytically inactive FLAG-tagged C-terminal domain of Tet1 (Tet1 mCD) and stained with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050), diluted 1:500, and with an anti-FLAG antibody, followed by DAPI counterstaining. </small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15410204-chip.jpg" alt="Immunoprecipitation" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong> Fig. 3. Immunoprecipitation using the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-caC</strong><br /> Immunoprecipitation was performed with the Diagenode antibody against 5-caC (cat. No. pAb-CaC-020/050) on 2 &mu;g of J1 ES genomic DNA, spiked with 1 pg of a control DNA fragment (approximately 700 bp from the RFP (Ring finger protein) gene) containing different cytosine modifications. The mC and hmC control DNA was generated by PCR with the corresponding nucleotide. The caC control fragment was obtained by in vitro methylation using M.SssI methyltransferase followed by oxidation with purified Tet2. The IP&rsquo;d DNA was subsequently anaysed by qPCR using primers specific for the control DNA fragments and for GAPDH, used as a negative control. Figure 3 shows the enrichment calculated as the ratio of the recovery of the control DNA versus the recovery of the GAPDH negative control. </small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until recently, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base (also called the Sixth base) is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. This pathway could involve further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group followed by either deformylation or decarboxylation. The carboxyl and formyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) could be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC and 5-hmC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-Carboxycytosine.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µg',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15410204-100',
			'old_catalog_number' => 'pAb-caC-100',
			'sf_code' => 'C15410204-D001-000526',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'None',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug',
			'meta_title' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Immunoprecipitation,5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC),polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => '5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DB, IF and IP. Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available',
			'modified' => '2024-01-17 20:11:37',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Image' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '2136',
			'antibody_id' => '440',
			'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
			'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
			'label1' => 'Validation Data',
			'info1' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-DIP.png" alt="DIP" height="433" width="400" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-4 columns">
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15310200-fig1.jpg" alt="ELISA" height="277" width="379" /></p>
</div>
<div class="small-8 columns">
<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
</div>
</div>',
			'label2' => 'Target description',
			'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
			'label3' => '',
			'info3' => '',
			'format' => '100 µl',
			'catalog_number' => 'C15310200',
			'old_catalog_number' => '',
			'sf_code' => 'C15310200-D001-001161',
			'type' => 'FRE',
			'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
			'price_EUR' => '380',
			'price_USD' => '380',
			'price_GBP' => '340',
			'price_JPY' => '59525',
			'price_CNY' => '',
			'price_AUD' => '950',
			'country' => 'ALL',
			'except_countries' => 'Japan',
			'quote' => false,
			'in_stock' => false,
			'featured' => false,
			'no_promo' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'master' => true,
			'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
			'slug' => '5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul',
			'meta_title' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody | Diagenode',
			'meta_keywords' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC), polyclonal antibody,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Polyclonal Antibody  validated  in DIP and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
			'modified' => '2023-01-30 14:16:16',
			'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
			'ProductsRelated' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Image' => array(
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	'Application' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '28',
			'position' => '10',
			'parent_id' => '40',
			'name' => 'DB',
			'description' => '<p>Dot blotting</p>',
			'in_footer' => false,
			'in_menu' => false,
			'online' => true,
			'tabular' => true,
			'slug' => 'dot-blotting',
			'meta_keywords' => 'Dot blotting,Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody,',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for Dot blotting applications',
			'meta_title' => 'Dot blotting Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2016-01-13 14:40:49',
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			'name' => 'ELISA',
			'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>',
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			'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
			'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
			'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
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			'id' => '23',
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			'name' => 'DNA modifications',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">T</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">he pattern of <strong>DNA modifications</strong> is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. Methylation of 5-cytosine (5-mC), one of the best-studied epigenetic marks, is carried out by the <strong>DNA methyltransferases</strong> DNMT3A and B and DNMT1. DNMT3A and DNMT3B are responsible for </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">de novo</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> DNA methylation, whereas DNMT1 maintains existing methylation. 5-mC undergoes active demethylation which is performed by the <strong>Ten-Eleven Translocation</strong> (TET) familly of DNA hydroxylases. The latter consists of 3 members TET1, 2 and 3. All 3 members catalyze the conversion of <strong>5-methylcytosine</strong> (5-mC) into <strong>5-hydroxymethylcytosine</strong> (5-hmC), and further into <strong>5-formylcytosine</strong> (5-fC) and <strong>5-carboxycytosine</strong> (5-caC). 5-fC and 5-caC can be converted to unmodified cytosine by <strong>Thymine DNA Glycosylase</strong> (TDG). It is not yet clear if 5-hmC, 5-fC and 5-caC have specific functions or are simply intermediates in the demethylation of 5-mC.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">DNA methylation is generally considered as a repressive mark and is usually associated with gene silencing. It is essential that the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation is precisely maintained. Dysregulation of DNA methylation may lead to many different human diseases and is often observed in cancer cells.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode offers highly validated antibodies against different proteins involved in DNA modifications as well as against the modified bases allowing the study of all steps and intermediates in the DNA methylation/demethylation pathway:</span></p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/categories/antibodies/dna-methylation.jpg" height="599" width="816" /></p>
<p><strong>Diagenode exclusively sources the original 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody (clone 33D3).</strong></p>
<p>Check out the list below to see all proposed antibodies for DNA modifications.</p>
<p>Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
</ul>',
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			'slug' => 'dna-methylation-antibody',
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			'meta_keywords' => 'Monoclonal Antibodies,Polyclonal  antibodies,DNA methylation,Diagenode',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal and Polyclonal antibodies for DNA Methylation. The pattern of DNA modifications is critical for genome stability and the control of gene expression in the cell. ',
			'meta_title' => 'DNA modifications - Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies for DNA Methylation | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2020-08-03 15:25:37',
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			'id' => '103',
			'position' => '0',
			'parent_id' => '4',
			'name' => 'All antibodies',
			'description' => '<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Diagenode&rsquo;s antibodies are listed below. Please, use our Quick search field to find the antibody of interest by target name, application, purity.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diagenode&rsquo;s highly validated antibodies:</span></p>
<ul>
<li>Highly sensitive and specific</li>
<li>Cost-effective (requires less antibody per reaction)</li>
<li>Batch-specific data is available on the website</li>
<li>Expert technical support</li>
<li>Sample sizes available</li>
<li>100% satisfaction guarantee</li>
</ul>',
			'no_promo' => false,
			'in_menu' => true,
			'online' => true,
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			'is_antibody' => true,
			'slug' => 'all-antibodies',
			'cookies_tag_id' => null,
			'meta_keywords' => 'Antibodies,Premium Antibodies,Classic,Pioneer',
			'meta_description' => 'Diagenode Offers Strict quality standards with Rigorous QC and validated Antibodies. Classified based on level of validation for flexibility of Application. Comprehensive selection of histone and non-histone Antibodies',
			'meta_title' => 'Diagenode's selection of Antibodies is exclusively dedicated for Epigenetic Research | Diagenode',
			'modified' => '2019-07-03 10:55:44',
			'created' => '2015-11-02 14:49:22',
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	),
	'Document' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '368',
			'name' => 'Datasheet 5hmC MAb-633HMC-100',
			'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Datasheet',
			'url' => 'files/products/antibodies/Datasheet_5hmC_MAb-633HMC-100.pdf',
			'slug' => 'datasheet-5hmc-mab-633hmc-100',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-08-28 23:34:49',
			'created' => '2015-07-07 11:47:44',
			'ProductsDocument' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '38',
			'name' => 'Epigenetic Antibodies Brochure',
			'description' => '<p>More than in any other immuoprecipitation assays, quality antibodies are critical tools in many epigenetics experiments. Since 10 years, Diagenode has developed the most stringent quality production available on the market for antibodies exclusively focused on epigenetic uses. All our antibodies have been qualified to work in epigenetic applications.</p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Brochure',
			'url' => 'files/brochures/Epigenetic_Antibodies_Brochure.pdf',
			'slug' => 'epigenetic-antibodies-brochure',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2016-06-15 11:24:06',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:27',
			'ProductsDocument' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '5',
			'name' => 'Exclusive Highly Specific Kits Antibodies for DNA HydroxyMethylation Studies',
			'description' => '<p>Cytosine hydroxymethylation was recently discovered as an important epigenetic mechanism. This cytosine base modification results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the TET family of oxygenases. Though the precise role of 5-hmC is the subject of intense research and debate, early studies strongly indicate that it is also involved in gene regulation and in numerous important biological processes including embryonic development, cellular differentiation, stem cell reprogramming and carcinogenesis.</p>
<p>The study of 5-hmC has long been limited due to the lack of high quality, validated tools and technologies that discriminate hydroxymethylation from methylation in regulating gene expression. The use of highly specific antibodies against 5-hmC for the immunoprecipitation of hydroxymethylated DNA offers a reliable solution for hydroxymethylation profiling.</p>
<p></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Poster',
			'url' => 'files/posters/Exclusive_Highly_Specific_Kits_Antibodies_for_DNA_HydroxyMethylation_Studies_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'exclusive-highly-specific-kits-antibodies-for-dna-hydroxymethylation-studies-poster',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2020-11-23 17:39:14',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
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			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '11',
			'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
			'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Poster',
			'url' => 'files/posters/Antibodies_you_can_trust_Poster.pdf',
			'slug' => 'antibodies-you-can-trust-poster',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
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			'modified' => '2015-10-01 20:18:31',
			'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
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		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '250',
			'name' => 'product/antibodies/antibody.png',
			'alt' => 'Mouse IgG',
			'modified' => '2020-11-27 07:00:09',
			'created' => '2015-07-17 10:12:18',
			'ProductsImage' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Promotion' => array(),
	'Protocol' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '15',
			'name' => 'Dot blot protocol for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal rat antibody',
			'description' => '<div class="page" title="Page 1">
<div class="section">
<div class="layoutArea">
<div class="column">
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>',
			'image_id' => null,
			'type' => 'Protocol',
			'url' => 'files/protocols/Protocol-Dot-blot5-hmc.pdf',
			'slug' => 'protocol-dot-blot5-hmc',
			'meta_keywords' => '',
			'meta_description' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-10-01 19:00:42',
			'created' => '2015-07-20 10:35:07',
			'ProductsProtocol' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
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	),
	'Publication' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '4249',
			'name' => 'DNMT1 regulates the timing of DNA methylation by DNMT3 in anenzymatic activity-dependent manner in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Ito Takamasa et al.',
			'description' => '<p>DNA methylation (DNAme; 5-methylcytosine, 5mC) plays an essential role in mammalian development, and the 5mC profile is regulated by a balance of opposing enzymatic activities: DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TETs). In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), de novo DNAme by DNMT3 family enzymes, demethylation by the TET-mediated conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmC), and maintenance of the remaining DNAme by DNMT1 are actively repeated throughout cell cycles, dynamically forming a constant 5mC profile. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism and physiological significance of this active cyclic DNA modification in mouse ESCs remain unclear. Here by visualizing the localization of DNA modifications on metaphase chromosomes and comparing whole-genome methylation profiles before and after the mid-S phase in ESCs lacking Dnmt1 (1KO ESCs), we demonstrated that in 1KO ESCs, DNMT3-mediated remethylation was interrupted during and after DNA replication. This results in a marked asymmetry in the distribution of 5hmC between sister chromatids at mitosis, with one chromatid being almost no 5hmC. When introduced in 1KO ESCs, the catalytically inactive form of DNMT1 (DNMT1CI) induced an increase in DNAme in pericentric heterochromatin and the DNAme-independent repression of IAPEz, a retrotransposon family, in 1KO ESCs. However, DNMT1CI could not restore the ability of DNMT3 to methylate unmodified dsDNA de novo in S phase in 1KO ESCs. Furthermore, during in vitro differentiation into epiblasts, 1KO ESCs expressing DNMT1CI showed an even stronger tendency to differentiate into the primitive endoderm than 1KO ESCs and were readily reprogrammed into the primitive streak via an epiblast-like cell state, reconfirming the importance of DNMT1 enzymatic activity at the onset of epiblast differentiation. These results indicate a novel function of DNMT1, in which DNMT1 actively regulates the timing and genomic targets of de novo methylation by DNMT3 in an enzymatic activity-dependent and independent manner, respectively.</p>',
			'date' => '2022-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'doi' => '10.1371/journal.pone.0262277',
			'modified' => '2022-05-20 09:34:50',
			'created' => '2022-05-19 10:41:50',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '4045',
			'name' => 'Functional role of Tet-mediated RNA hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES
cells and during differentiation.',
			'authors' => 'Lan, Jie and Rajan, Nicholas and Bizet, Martin and Penning, Audrey and
Singh, Nitesh K and Guallar, Diana and Calonne, Emilie and Li Greci, Andrea
and Bonvin, Elise and Deplus, Rachel and Hsu, Phillip J and Nachtergaele,
Sigrid and Ma, Chengjie and Song, ',
			'description' => 'Tet-enzyme-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines in DNA plays a
crucial role in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In RNA also,
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) has recently been evidenced, but its
physiological roles are still largely unknown. Here we show the
contribution and function of this mark in mouse ESCs and differentiating
embryoid bodies. Transcriptome-wide mapping in ESCs reveals hundreds of
messenger RNAs marked by 5hmC at sites characterized by a defined unique
consensus sequence and particular features. During differentiation a large
number of transcripts, including many encoding key pluripotency-related
factors (such as Eed and Jarid2), show decreased cytosine
hydroxymethylation. Using Tet-knockout ESCs, we find Tet enzymes to be
partly responsible for deposition of 5hmC in mRNA. A transcriptome-wide
search further reveals mRNA targets to which Tet1 and Tet2 bind, at sites
showing a topology similar to that of 5hmC sites. Tet-mediated RNA
hydroxymethylation is found to reduce the stability of crucial
pluripotency-promoting transcripts. We propose that RNA cytosine
5-hydroxymethylation by Tets is a mark of transcriptome flexibility,
inextricably linked to the balance between pluripotency and lineage
commitment.',
			'date' => '2020-10-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33009383',
			'doi' => '10.1038/s41467-020-18729-6',
			'modified' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'created' => '2021-02-18 10:21:53',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '3660',
			'name' => 'Global distribution of DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA methylation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.',
			'authors' => 'Wernig-Zorc S, Yadav MP, Kopparapu PK, Bemark M, Kristjansdottir HL, Andersson PO, Kanduri C, Kanduri M',
			'description' => '<p>BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been a good model system to understand the functional role of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in cancer progression. More recently, an oxidized form of 5-mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has gained lot of attention as a regulatory epigenetic modification with prognostic and diagnostic implications for several cancers. However, there is no global study exploring the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels in CLL. Herein, using mass spectrometry and hMeDIP-sequencing, we analysed the dynamics of 5-hmC during B cell maturation and CLL pathogenesis. RESULTS: We show that na&iuml;ve B-cells had higher levels of 5-hmC and 5-mC compared to non-class switched and class-switched memory B-cells. We found a significant decrease in global 5-mC levels in CLL patients (n&thinsp;=&thinsp;15) compared to na&iuml;ve and memory B cells, with no changes detected between the CLL prognostic groups. On the other hand, global 5-hmC levels of CLL patients were similar to memory B cells and reduced compared to na&iuml;ve B cells. Interestingly, 5-hmC levels were increased at regulatory regions such as gene-body, CpG island shores and shelves and 5-hmC distribution over the gene-body positively correlated with degree of transcriptional activity. Importantly, CLL samples showed aberrant 5-hmC and 5-mC pattern over gene-body compared to well-defined patterns in normal B-cells. Integrated analysis of 5-hmC and RNA-sequencing from CLL datasets identified three novel oncogenic drivers that could have potential roles in CLL development and progression. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, our study suggests that the global loss of 5-hmC, accompanied by its significant increase at the gene regulatory regions, constitute a novel hallmark of CLL pathogenesis. Our combined analysis of 5-mC and 5-hmC sequencing provided insights into the potential role of 5-hmC in modulating gene expression changes during CLL pathogenesis.</p>',
			'date' => '2019-01-07',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.gov/30616658',
			'doi' => '10.1186/s13072‑018‑0252‑7',
			'modified' => '2019-07-01 11:46:16',
			'created' => '2019-06-21 14:55:31',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
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		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '2992',
			'name' => 'Regulation of the DNA Methylation Landscape in Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming by the miR-29 Family',
			'authors' => 'Hysolli E et al.',
			'description' => 'Reprogramming to pluripotency after overexpression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC is accompanied by global genomic and epigenomic changes. Histone modification and DNA methylation states in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been shown to be highly similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, epigenetic differences still exist between iPSCs and ESCs. In particular, aberrant DNA methylation states found in iPSCs are a major concern when using iPSCs in a clinical setting. Thus, it is critical to find factors that regulate DNA methylation states in reprogramming. Here, we found that the miR-29 family is an important epigenetic regulator during human somatic cell reprogramming. Our global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation analysis shows that DNA demethylation is a major event mediated by miR-29a depletion during early reprogramming, and that iPSCs derived from miR-29a depletion are epigenetically closer to ESCs. Our findings uncover an important miRNA-based approach to generate clinically robust iPSCs.',
			'date' => '2016-07-12',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373925',
			'doi' => '10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.014',
			'modified' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'created' => '2016-08-23 09:57:29',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '2811',
			'name' => 'Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F.',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://pubmed.gov/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'created' => '2016-01-28 21:57:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '3750',
			'name' => 'RNA biochemistry. Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine.',
			'authors' => 'Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, Collignon E, Bonvin E, Deplus R, Calonne E, Hassabi B, Putmans P, Awe S, Wetzel C, Kreher J, Soin R, Creppe C, Limbach PA, Gueydan C, Kruys V, Brehm A, Minakhina S, Defrance M, Steward R, Fuks F',
			'description' => '<p>Hydroxymethylcytosine, well described in DNA, occurs also in RNA. Here, we show that hydroxymethylcytosine preferentially marks polyadenylated RNAs and is deposited by Tet in Drosophila. We map the transcriptome-wide hydroxymethylation landscape, revealing hydroxymethylcytosine in the transcripts of many genes, notably in coding sequences, and identify consensus sites for hydroxymethylation. We found that RNA hydroxymethylation can favor mRNA translation. Tet and hydroxymethylated RNA are found to be most abundant in the Drosophila brain, and Tet-deficient fruitflies suffer impaired brain development, accompanied by decreased RNA hydroxymethylation. This study highlights the distribution, localization, and function of cytosine hydroxymethylation and identifies central roles for this modification in Drosophila.</p>',
			'date' => '2016-01-15',
			'pmid' => 'http://www.pubmed.org/26816380',
			'doi' => '10.1126/science.aac5253',
			'modified' => '2019-10-03 12:29:05',
			'created' => '2019-10-02 16:16:55',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '2613',
			'name' => 'CpG signalling, H2A.Z/H3 acetylation and microRNA-mediated deferred self-attenuation orchestrate foetal NOS3 expression.',
			'authors' => 'Postberg J, Kanders M, Forcob S, Willems R, Orth V, Hensel KO, Weil PP, Wirth S, Jenke AC',
			'description' => 'BACKGROUND: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to permanent physiological changes including vascular tone regulation, potentially influencing the risk for adult vascular diseases. We therefore aimed to monitor responsive NOS3 expression in human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) and to study the underlying epigenetic signatures involved in its regulation. RESULTS: NOS3 and STAT3 mRNA levels were elevated in HUAEC of patients who suffered from placental insufficiency. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, H3K9ac and Histone 2A (H2A).Zac at the NOS3 transcription start site directly correlated with NOS3 mRNA levels. Concomitantly, we observed entangled histone acetylation patterns and NOS3 response upon hypoxic conditions in vitro. Knock-down of either NOS3 or STAT3 by RNAi provided evidence for a functional NOS3/STAT3 relationship. Moreover, we recognized massive turnover of Stat3 at a discrete binding site in the NOS3 promoter. Interestingly, induced hyperacetylation resulted in short-termed increase of NOS3 mRNA followed by deferred decrease indicating that NOS3 expression could become self-attenuated by co-expressed intronic 27 nt-ncRNA. Reporter assay results and phylogenetic analyses enabled us to propose a novel model for STAT3-3'-UTR targeting by this 27-nt-ncRNA. CONCLUSIONS: An adverse intrauterine environment leads to adaptive changes of NOS3 expression. Apparently, a rapid NOS3 self-limiting response upon ectopic triggers co-exists with longer termed expression changes in response to placental insufficiency involving differential epigenetic signatures. Their persistence might contribute to impaired vascular endothelial response and consequently increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.',
			'date' => '2015-01-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25699114',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:05',
			'ProductsPublication' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '2348',
			'name' => 'White matter tract and glial-associated changes in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.',
			'authors' => 'Tsenkina Y, Ruzov A, Gliddon C, Horsburgh K, De Sousa PA',
			'description' => 'White matter abnormalities due to age-related cerebrovascular alterations is a common pathological hallmark associated with functional impairment in the elderly which has been modeled in chronically hypoperfused mice. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are DNA modifications that have been recently linked with age-related neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology. Here we conducted a pilot investigation of whether chronic cerebral hypoperfusion might affect genomic distribution of these modifications and/ or a Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) which catalyses hydroxymethylation in white and grey matter regions of this animal model. Immunohistochemical evaluation of sham and chronically hypoperfused mice a month after surgery revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the proportion of 5hmC positive cells, Iba1 positive inflammatory microglia, and NG2 positive oligodendroglial progenitors in the hypoperfused corpus callosum. In the same white matter tract there was an absence of hypoperfusion-induced alterations in the proportion of 5mC, TET2 positive cells and CC1 positive mature oligodrendrocytes. Correlation analysis across animals within both treatment groups demonstrated a significant association of the elevated 5hmC levels with increases in the proportion of inflammatory microglia only (p=0.01) in the corpus callosum. In vitro studies revealed that 5hmC is lost during oligodendroglial maturation but not microglial activation. Additionally, TET1, TET2, and TET3 protein levels showed dynamic alterations during oligodendroglial development and following oxidative stress in vitro. Our study suggests that 5hmC exhibits white matter tract and cell type specific dynamics following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.',
			'date' => '2014-10-10',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305569',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:39:04',
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		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '994',
			'name' => 'Tet2 Facilitates the Derepression of Myeloid Target Genes during CEBPα-Induced Transdifferentiation of Pre-B Cells.',
			'authors' => 'Kallin EM, Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Christensen J, Cimmino L, Aifantis I, Helin K, Ballestar E, Graf T',
			'description' => 'The methylcytosine hydroxylase Tet2 has been implicated in hematopoietic differentiation and the formation of myeloid malignancies when mutated. An ideal system to study the role of Tet2 in myelopoeisis is CEBPα-induced transdifferentiation of pre-B cells into macrophages. Here we found that CEBPα binds to upstream regions of Tet2 and that the gene becomes activated. Tet2 knockdowns impaired the upregulation of macrophage markers as well as phagocytic capacity, suggesting that the enzyme is required for both early and late stage myeloid differentiation. A slightly weaker effect was seen in primary cells with a Tet2 ablation. Expression arrays of transdifferentiating cells with Tet2 knockdowns permitted the identification of a small subset of myeloid genes whose upregulation was blunted. Activation of these target genes was accompanied by rapid increases of promoter hydroxy-methylation. Our observations indicate that Tet2 helps CEBPα rapidly derepress myeloid genes during the conversion of pre-B cells into macrophages.',
			'date' => '2012-09-12',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981865',
			'doi' => '',
			'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
			'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:59',
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		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '149',
			'name' => 'Lineage-specific distribution of high levels of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian development.',
			'authors' => 'Ruzov A, Tsenkina Y, Serio A, Dudnakova T, Fletcher J, Bai Y, Chebotareva T, Pells S, Hannoun Z, Sullivan G, Chandran S, Hay DC, Bradley M, Wilmut I, De Sousa P',
			'description' => 'Methylation of cytosine is a DNA modification associated with gene repression. Recently, a novel cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been discovered. Here we examine 5-hmC distribution during mammalian development and in cellular systems, and show that the developmental dynamics of 5-hmC are different from those of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC); in particular 5-hmC is enriched in embryonic contexts compared to adult tissues. A detectable 5-hmC signal appears in pre-implantation development starting at the zygote stage, where the paternal genome is subjected to a genome-wide hydroxylation of 5-mC, which precisely coincides with the loss of the 5-mC signal in the paternal pronucleus. Levels of 5-hmC are high in cells of the inner cell mass in blastocysts, and the modification colocalises with nestin-expressing cell populations in mouse post-implantation embryos. Compared to other adult mammalian organs, 5-hmC is strongly enriched in bone marrow and brain, wherein high 5-hmC content is a feature of both neuronal progenitors and post-mitotic neurons. We show that high levels of 5-hmC are not only present in mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and lost during differentiation, as has been reported previously, but also reappear during the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells; thus 5-hmC enrichment correlates with a pluripotent cell state. Our findings suggest that apart from the cells of neuronal lineages, high levels of genomic 5-hmC are an epigenetic feature of embryonic cell populations and cellular pluri- and multi-lineage potency. To our knowledge, 5-hmC represents the first epigenetic modification of DNA discovered whose enrichment is so cell-type specific.',
			'date' => '2011-09-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747414',
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			'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
			'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
			'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
			'date' => '2011-04-01',
			'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
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		'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) (sample size)',
		'description' => '<p><span>5-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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		'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
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<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
	'label2' => '',
	'info2' => '',
	'label3' => '',
	'info3' => '',
	'format' => '100 µg',
	'catalog_number' => 'C15220001-100',
	'old_catalog_number' => 'MAb-633HMC-100',
	'sf_code' => 'C15220001-D001-000526',
	'type' => 'FRE',
	'search_order' => '03-Antibody',
	'price_EUR' => '500',
	'price_USD' => '500',
	'price_GBP' => '450',
	'price_JPY' => '78325',
	'price_CNY' => '',
	'price_AUD' => '1250',
	'country' => 'ALL',
	'except_countries' => 'None',
	'quote' => false,
	'in_stock' => false,
	'featured' => false,
	'no_promo' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'master' => false,
	'last_datasheet_update' => '0000-00-00',
	'slug' => '5-hmc-monoclonal-antibody-rat-classic-100-ug-64-ul',
	'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
	'modified' => '2022-01-05 15:33:18',
	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
	'ProductsGroup' => array(
		'id' => '4',
		'product_id' => '2034',
		'group_id' => '3'
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            <h6 style="height:60px">5-methylcytosine (5-mC) Antibody - clone 33D3</h6>
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    </div>
</li>
<li>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="small-12 columns">
                         <a href="/en/p/5-cac-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ug"><img src="/img/product/antibodies/antibody.png" alt="Mouse IgG" class="th"/></a>        </div>



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            <h6 style="height:60px">5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) Antibody </h6>
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<li>
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                         <a href="/en/p/5-formylcytosine-polyclonal-antibody-classic-100-ul"><img src="/img/product/antibodies/antibody.png" alt="Mouse IgG" class="th"/></a>        </div>



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            <h6 style="height:60px">5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody </h6>
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	'name' => '5-formylcytosine (5-fC) Antibody ',
	'description' => '<p><span>Polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) conjugated to KLH.</span></p>',
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<p><small><strong>Figure 1. DIP results obtained with the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC</strong><br />HEK293 cells were transfected with a reporter gene and hydroxymethylated in vitro with either a pCAG expression vector containing the TET2 catalytic domain (TET2cd) or a negative control pCAG vector. DIP assays were performed on 4 &mu;g of sheared and denatured DNA using 3 &mu;l of the Diagenode antibody against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200) in a total of 500 &mu;l IP buffer. QPCR was performed with primers specific for the reporter gene. Figure 1 shows the recovery, expressed as a % of input (mean +standard deviation of 3 different experiments).</small></p>
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<div class="small-4 columns">
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<p><small><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the titer</strong><br />To determine the titer of the antibody, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode antibody directed against 5-fC (Cat. No. C15310200). The plates were coated with the immunogen. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution (Figure 2), the titer of the antibody was estimated to be &gt;1:100,000.</small></p>
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</div>',
	'label2' => 'Target description',
	'info2' => '<p>Until a few years ago, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was the only known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation. In 2009, however, a second methylated cytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) was discovered. This new modified base is generated by enzymatic conversion of 5-mC into 5-hmC by the TET family of oxygenases.</p>
<p>Recent results indicate that 5-hmC plays important roles distinct from 5-mC. Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests that 5-hmC may well represent a new pathway to demethylate DNA involving a repair mechanism converting 5-hmC to cytosine. As such it may play a role in the regulation of gene activity. This pathway includes further oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group to a formyl or carboxyl group, both catalyzed by TET oxygenases. The formyl and carboxyl groups of 5-Formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-Carboxylcytosine (5-caC) can be enzymatically removed without excision of the base.</p>
<p>Due to their structural similarity, the different modified cytosine analogues are difficult to discriminate. The development of highly specific affinity-based reagents, such as antibodies, appears to be the most powerful way to differentially and specifically enrich 5-mC and 5-hmC sequences. We previously released highly specific antibodies directed against 5-mC, 5-hmC and 5-caC. Now, we also present a unique rabbit polyclonal antibody against 5-fC.</p>',
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	'created' => '2015-06-29 14:08:20',
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)
$chipseq_service = array(
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	(int) 3 => (int) 2684,
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	'id' => '2034',
	'antibody_id' => '59',
	'name' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Antibody (rat) ',
	'description' => '<p>5<span>-hmC is a DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. Preliminary results indicate that 5-hmC may have important roles distinct from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Although its precise role has still to be shown, early evidence suggests a few putative mechanisms that could have big implications in epigenetics.</span></p>',
	'label1' => 'Validation Data',
	'info1' => '<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig1.png" alt="hMeDIP" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 1. Hydroxymethylated DNA IP results obtained with our hMeDIP kit (Cat. No. AF-104-0016)</strong><br /> Hydroxymethylated DNA IP (hMeDIP) assays were performed using the Diagenode hMeDIP kit. This kit includes: the monoclonal antibody against 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (Cat. No. MAb-633HMC-050), 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA standards &amp; Rat IgG (Cat. No. AF-105-0025). The DNA was prepared with the GenDNA module and sonicated with our Bioruptor&reg; (UCD-200/300 series) to obtain DNA fragments of 300-500 bp. 1 &mu;g of mouse ES cells DNA was spiked with 0.025 ng of each DNA standard. The IP&rsquo;d material has been analysed by qPCR using the primer pairs specific to the control sequences. The obtained results are as follows: - hMeDIP on unmethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.06%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.61%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on methylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.03%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC antibody (0.62%, almost no recovery) - hMeDIP on hydroxymethylated control &bull; with Rat IgG as negative control (0.04%, almost no recovery) &bull; with 5-hmC (97.60% recovery, almost full recovery) These results clearly demonstrate the high specificity and efficiency of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal antibody.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig2.png" alt="ELISA" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 2. Determination of the 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody titer</strong><br /> To determine the titer, an ELISA was performed using a serial dilution of the Diagenode monoclonal antibody directed against 5-hmC (Cat No. MAb-633HMC-050, MAb-633HMC-100) in antigen coated wells. The antigen used was a 5-hmC base coupled to KHL. By plotting the absorbance against the antibody dilution, the titer of the antibody was estimated to be 1:25,000.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig3.png" alt="Dot blot" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 3. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC and 5-mC monoclonal antibodies with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> Figure 3A: Approximately 200 ng, equivalent 10 pmol of C-bases, of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &ldquo;5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0002) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:500 ; 4 &mu;g/ml final concentration), followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed during 30 seconds. Figure 3B: Incubation of the same membrane with the 5-methylcytosine mouse monoclonal antibody (Cat. No. MAb-335MEC-100/500) (dilution 1:250). Note that the membrane was not stripped after the 5-hmC incubation. The left spot represents the remaining hmC signal. This result confirms that an equal amount of mC bases was spotted at position 2.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.diagenode.com/img/product/antibodies/C15220001-fig4.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></p>
<p><strong>Figure 4. Dot blot analysis of the Diagenode 5-hmC rat monoclonal antibody with the C, mC and hmC PCR controls</strong><br /> 200 to 2 ng (equivalent of 10 to 0.1 pmol of C-base) of the hmC (1), mC (2) and C (3) PCR controls from the Diagenode &laquo; 5-hmC, 5-mC &amp; cytosine DNA Standard Pack&rdquo; (Cat. No. AF-101-0020) were spotted on a membrane (Amersham Hybond-N+). The membrane was incubated with 4 &mu;g/ml (dilution 1:500) of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rat monoclonal antibody, followed by an HRP conjugated anti-rat secondary antibody. The membrane was exposed for 30 seconds.</p>',
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	'price_AUD' => '1250',
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	'meta_title' => '5-hmC Monoclonal Antibody (rat) | Diagenode',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) Monoclonal Antibody (rat)  validated  in  hMeDIP, DB and ELISA.  Batch-specific data available on the website. Sample size available.',
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$label = '<img src="/img/banners/banner-customizer-back.png" alt=""/>'
$protocol = array(
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	'name' => 'Dot blot protocol for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine monoclonal rat antibody',
	'description' => '<div class="page" title="Page 1">
<div class="section">
<div class="layoutArea">
<div class="column">
<p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
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	'type' => 'Protocol',
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	'position' => '10',
	'parent_id' => '40',
	'name' => 'ELISA',
	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
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	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
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)
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	'id' => '20',
	'position' => '10',
	'parent_id' => '40',
	'name' => 'ELISA',
	'description' => '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>',
	'in_footer' => false,
	'in_menu' => false,
	'online' => true,
	'tabular' => true,
	'slug' => 'elisa-antibodies',
	'meta_keywords' => ' ELISA Antibodies,Monoclonal antibody, Polyclonal antibody',
	'meta_description' => 'Diagenode offers Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibodies for ELISA applications',
	'meta_title' => 'ELISA Antibodies - Monoclonal & Polyclonal antibody | Diagenode',
	'modified' => '2016-01-13 12:21:41',
	'created' => '2014-07-08 08:13:28',
	'locale' => 'eng'
)
$description = '<div class="row">
<div class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div>
</div>'
$name = 'ELISA'
$document = array(
	'id' => '11',
	'name' => 'Antibodies you can trust',
	'description' => '<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Epigenetic research tools have evolved over time from endpoint PCR to qPCR to the analyses of large sets of genome-wide sequencing data. ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) has now become the gold standard method for chromatin studies, given the accuracy and coverage scale of the approach over other methods. Successful ChIP-seq, however, requires a higher level of experimental accuracy and consistency in all steps of ChIP than ever before. Particularly crucial is the quality of ChIP antibodies. </span></p>',
	'image_id' => null,
	'type' => 'Poster',
	'url' => 'files/posters/Antibodies_you_can_trust_Poster.pdf',
	'slug' => 'antibodies-you-can-trust-poster',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-10-01 20:18:31',
	'created' => '2015-07-03 16:05:15',
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)
$sds = array(
	'id' => '484',
	'name' => '5-hmC antibody rat SDS ES es',
	'language' => 'es',
	'url' => 'files/SDS/5-hmC/SDS-C15220001-5-hydroxymethylcytosine_5-hmC_Antibody_rat_-ES-es-GHS_2_0.pdf',
	'countries' => 'ES',
	'modified' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'created' => '2020-07-01 11:28:03',
	'ProductsSafetySheet' => array(
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		'safety_sheet_id' => '484'
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)
$publication = array(
	'id' => '361',
	'name' => 'Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.',
	'authors' => 'Wu H, D'Alessio AC, Ito S, Wang Z, Cui K, Zhao K, Sun YE, Zhang Y',
	'description' => 'Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.',
	'date' => '2011-04-01',
	'pmid' => 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036',
	'doi' => '',
	'modified' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'created' => '2015-07-24 15:38:57',
	'ProductsPublication' => array(
		'id' => '635',
		'product_id' => '2033',
		'publication_id' => '361'
	)
)
$externalLink = ' <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460036" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></a>'
include - APP/View/Products/view.ctp, line 755
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
ProductsController::slug() - APP/Controller/ProductsController.php, line 1052
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 491
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118